opacus

Latin

Etymology

Unknown. Antonym of aprīcus. Long compared with Proto-Germanic *abuhaz (“turned the wrong way, wicked”), Sanskrit अपाञ्च् (ápāñc, “located backwards, behind”), Serbo-Croatian опак, ȍpāk (“wicked, evil”), which are from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“away”) and Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“see”); the Latin would be via metathesis from *apōcus.[1]

De Vaan remains unconvinced and suggests Proto-Italic *op-wākos (“situated towards the empty side”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (Latin ob) and Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“empty”) (Latin vacuus and vānus), with the same phonetic development as in oportet.[2]

Pronunciation

Adjective

opācus (feminine opāca, neuter opācum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. shaded, darkened; in the shade
  2. shady, dark; casting shade
  3. obscure
  4. opaque
    Synonym: obscūrus
    Antonyms: lūcidus, clārus

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative opācus opāca opācum opācī opācae opāca
genitive opācī opācae opācī opācōrum opācārum opācōrum
dative opācō opācae opācō opācīs
accusative opācum opācam opācum opācōs opācās opāca
ablative opācō opācā opācō opācīs
vocative opāce opāca opācum opācī opācae opāca

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Padanian:
    • Ligurian: lǜvegu
    • Lombard: vag
    • Piedmontese: uvac, uvai, vai
    • Romagnol: bègh
    • Romansch: vac
  • Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *opacīnus
  • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *opacivus
  • Borrowings:

References

  • “opacus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “opacus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • opacus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “apo-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 54-55
  2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “opācus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 429

Further reading

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