pína

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pina"

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse pína, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, penalty, fine, blood money).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpʰʊiːjna]

Noun

pína f (genitive singular pínu, plural pínur)

  1. pain

Declension

f1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative pína pínan pínur pínurnar
accusative pínu pínuna pínur pínurnar
dative pínu pínuni pínum pínunum
genitive pínu pínunnar pína pínanna

Verb

pína (third person singular past indicative píndi, third person plural past indicative píndu, supine pínt)

  1. to hurt, to torture

Conjugation

Conjugation of (group v-1)
infinitive
supine pínt
present past
first singular píni píndi
second singular pínir píndi
third singular pínir píndi
plural pína píndu
participle (a7)1 pínandi píndur
imperative
singular pín!
plural pínið!

1Only the past participle being declined.

Verb

pína (third person singular past indicative pínaði, third person plural past indicative pínaðu, supine pínað)

  1. to swear

Conjugation

Conjugation of (group v-30)
infinitive
supine pínað
present past
first singular píni pínaði
second singular pínar pínaði
third singular pínar pínaði
plural pína pínaðu
participle (a6)1 pínandi pínaður
imperative
singular pína!
plural pínið!

1Only the past participle being declined.

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpʰiːna/
    Rhymes: -iːna

Etymology 1

From Old Norse pína.

Noun

pína f (genitive singular pínu, nominative plural pínur)

  1. pain, torment
    Synonym: kvöl
  2. a tiny amount
Declension
Declension of pína (feminine)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative pína pínan pínur pínurnar
accusative pínu pínuna pínur pínurnar
dative pínu pínunni pínum pínunum
genitive pínu pínunnar pína pínanna

Etymology 2

Verb

pína (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative píndi, supine pínt)

  1. to torture, to torment
    Synonyms: kvelja, pynta
Conjugation
pína – active voice (germynd)
infinitive nafnháttur pína
supine sagnbót pínt
present participle
pínandi
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég píni píndi píni píndi
þú pínir píndir pínir píndir
hann, hún, það pínir píndi píni píndi
plural við pínum píndum pínum píndum
þið pínið pínduð pínið pínduð
þeir, þær, þau pína píndu píni píndu
imperative boðháttur
singular þú pín (þú), píndu
plural þið pínið (þið), píniði1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
pínast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive nafnháttur að pínast
supine sagnbót pínst
present participle
pínandist (rare; see appendix)
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég pínist píndist pínist píndist
þú pínist píndist pínist píndist
hann, hún, það pínist píndist pínist píndist
plural við pínumst píndumst pínumst píndumst
þið pínist píndust pínist píndust
þeir, þær, þau pínast píndust pínist píndust
imperative boðháttur
singular þú pínst (þú), pínstu
plural þið pínist (þið), pínisti1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
píndur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
píndur pínd pínt píndir píndar pínd
accusative
(þolfall)
píndan pínda pínt pínda píndar pínd
dative
(þágufall)
píndum píndri píndu píndum píndum píndum
genitive
(eignarfall)
pínds píndrar pínds píndra píndra píndra
weak declension
(veik beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
píndi pínda pínda píndu píndu píndu
accusative
(þolfall)
pínda píndu pínda píndu píndu píndu
dative
(þágufall)
pínda píndu pínda píndu píndu píndu
genitive
(eignarfall)
pínda píndu pínda píndu píndu píndu

Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Old Saxon pīna and/or Old English pīn (pain, torment), from Proto-West Germanic *pīnā, *pīnu, from Latin pēna (penalty, punishment, torment). Compare German Pein (pain).[1]

Noun

pína f (genitive pínu, plural pínur)

  1. torture, punishment
  2. fine
Declension
Declension of pína (weak ōn-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative pína pínan pínur pínurnar
accusative pínu pínuna pínur pínurnar
dative pínu pínunni pínum pínunum
genitive pínu pínunnar pínna pínnanna
Descendants
  • Icelandic: pína
  • Faroese: pína
  • Swedish: pina
  • Danish: pine

Etymology 2

From the noun above, and also from Old English pīnian (to torment, torture), from Proto-West Germanic *pīnōn, ultimately from Latin pēna (pain). Compare Middle Low German pînen (to punish).

Verb

pína (singular past indicative pínda, plural past indicative píndu, past participle píndr)

  1. to punish, torment
    Synonym: kvelja
Conjugation
Conjugation of pína — active (weak class 1)
infinitive pína
present participle pínandi
past participle píndr
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular píni pínda pína pínda
2nd person singular pínir píndir pínir píndir
3rd person singular pínir píndi píni píndi
1st person plural pínum píndum pínim píndim
2nd person plural pínið pínduð pínið píndið
3rd person plural pína píndu píni píndi
imperative present
2nd person singular pín, píni
1st person plural pínum
2nd person plural pínið
Conjugation of pína — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive pínask
present participle pínandisk
past participle pínzk
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular pínumk píndumk pínumk píndumk
2nd person singular pínisk píndisk pínisk píndisk
3rd person singular pínisk píndisk pínisk píndisk
1st person plural pínumsk píndumsk pínimsk píndimsk
2nd person plural pínizk pínduzk pínizk píndizk
3rd person plural pínask píndusk pínisk píndisk
imperative present
2nd person singular pínsk, pínisk
1st person plural pínumsk
2nd person plural pínizk
Descendants

References

  1. ^ de Vries, Jan (1977) “pín”, in Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Old Norse Etymological Dictionary]‎[1] (in German), 2nd revised edition, Leiden: Brill, page 425