schinen

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch skīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan, from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈskiːnən/, /ˈsxiːnən/

Verb

schinen

  1. to shine
  2. to be visible
  3. to appear, to look, to seem
  4. to become apparent

Inflection

Conjugation of schinen (strong class 1)
infinitive base form schinen
genitive schinens
dative schinene
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular schine schêen schine schēne
2nd person singular schijns, schines schēens, schēnes schijns, schines schēnes
3rd person singular schijnt, schinet schêen schine schēne
1st person plural schinen schēnen schinen schēnen
2nd person plural schijnt, schinet schēent, schēnet schijnt, schinet schēnet
3rd person plural schinen schēnen schinen schēnen
imperative
singular schijn, schine
plural schijnt, schinet
present past
participle schinende geschēnen

Descendants

  • Dutch: schijnen
  • Limburgish: sjiene

Further reading

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old English scīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan, from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʃiːnən/

Verb

schinen

  1. To emit brightness and lightness; to shine:
    1. To emit light naturally; to be bright (like a lamp)
    2. To emit light inherently; to be light (like a sheet of paper)
    3. To shimmer; to shine due to being glossy, smooth or viscous.
      1. To be reflective or shine due to this reflectivity
      2. To gleam; to shine due to expensive accoutrements.
    4. To shine due to spiritual or mystic power; to shine with holy light.
    5. To shine upon an area, resulting in it becoming lighter.
  2. To stand out; to be notable:
    1. To be respected or well-reputed; to have a good reputation
    2. To be famous or outstanding; to have an excellent reputation.
    3. (rare) To be noticeable or be able to be seen.
    4. (rare) To be apparent or obvious.
    5. (rare) To celebrate.
  3. To have skin that is fair and attractive.
  4. To be holy, free of sins, or righteous.
  5. To be decorated finely and expensively.

Usage notes

Weak forms are more common in Northern Middle English.

Conjugation

Conjugation of schinen (strong class 1 or weak in -ed)
infinitive (to) schinen, schine
present tense past tense
1st-person singular schine schon, schined
2nd-person singular schinest schone, schine, schon, schinedest
3rd-person singular schineth schon, schined
subjunctive singular schine schone1, schine1, schined1
imperative singular
plural2 schinen, schine schonen, schone, schinen, schine, schineden, schinede
imperative plural schineth, schine
participles schinynge, schinende schinen, schine, schined, yschinen, yschine, yschined

1 Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

References

Middle High German

Etymology

Inherited from Old High German skīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈs̠xiːnən/

Verb

schīnen (class 1 strong, third-person singular present schīnet, past tense schein, past participle geschinen, past subjunctive schine, auxiliary hān)

  1. to shine

Conjugation

Descendants

References

  • Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “schinen”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel