Translingual
Symbol
tf
- (General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages) a voiceless dental affricate (IPA [tθ]).
English
Phrase
tf
- (Internet slang, text messaging, vulgar) Initialism of the fuck.
- Alternative form: TF
tf is that?
Anagrams
Egyptian
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Determiner
f sg distal demonstrative determiner
- that
Usage notes
This demonstrative was originally a determiner but could later be used alone, like a pronoun. When used as a determiner it follows or precedes the noun it describes.
It forms a contrastive pair with the demonstrative tn, in which tf is distal.
Inflection
1 Unmarked for number and gender, but treated syntactically as masculine plurals when used with participles and relative forms, and as feminine singulars when referred to by resumptive pronouns.
Middle Egyptian demonstratives
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determiners and pronouns
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adverbs
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singular
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plural1
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masculine
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feminine
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| proximal
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pn
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tn
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nn
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ꜥn
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| distal
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pf, pfꜣ
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tf, tfꜣ
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nf, nfꜣ
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ꜥf
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| ‘copula’ and vocative
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pw, pwy
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tw, twy
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nw
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—
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| anaphoric
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pꜣ
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tꜣ
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nꜣ
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ꜥꜣ
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1 Joined by n(j) to nouns they modify.
Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles
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masculine
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feminine
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plural
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adverb
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| pronoun
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pꜣw
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dj
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| determiners and pronouns
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pꜣj
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tꜣj
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nꜣj
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| possessive determiners1
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pꜣy
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tꜣy
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nꜣy
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| relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’)
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p-n, pꜣ
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t-nt, tꜣ
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nꜣyw, nꜣ
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| definite articles
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pꜣ
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tꜣ
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nꜣ2
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| indefinite articles
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wꜥ2
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nhꜣy2
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1 Used with suffix pronouns.
2 Originally joined by n(j) to nouns they modify; later without it.
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of tf
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| tfꜣ
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| [since the Middle Kingdom]
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Etymology 2
From Proto-Afroasiatic *tuf-.
Pronunciation
Verb
2-lit.
- (intransitive) to spit (+ m: to spit (something) out) [Pyramid Texts, rarely later]
Usage notes
Used chiefly in the context of old religious texts, and particularly in the Heliopolitan cosmogony to describe the creation of the goddess Tefnut from Atum’s spit.
Inflection
Conjugation of tf (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: tf, geminated stem: tff
| infinitival forms
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imperative
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| infinitive
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negatival complement
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complementary infinitive1
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singular
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plural
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tf
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tfw, tf
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tft
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tf, j.tf
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tf, j.tf
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| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
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| stative stem
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periphrastic imperfective2
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periphrastic prospective2
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tf
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ḥr tf
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m tf
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r tf
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| suffix conjugation
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| aspect / mood
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active
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contingent
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| aspect / mood
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active
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| perfect
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tf.n
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consecutive
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tf.jn
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| terminative
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tft
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| perfective3
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tf
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obligative1
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tf.ḫr
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| imperfective
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tf, j.tf1
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| prospective3
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tf
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potentialis1
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tf.kꜣ
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| subjunctive
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tf, j.tf1
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| verbal adjectives
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| aspect / mood
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relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
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participles
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| active
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active
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passive
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| perfect
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tf.n
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—
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—
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| perfective
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tf
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tf
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tff, tffj6, tf2, tfw2 5, tfy2 5
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| imperfective
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j.tf1, tf, tfy, tfw5
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j.tf1, j.tfw1 5, tf, tfj6, tfy6
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tf, tfw5
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| prospective
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tf, tftj7
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tftj4, tft4
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1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings of tf
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| tf
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df
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ṯf
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tf
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[Late Period]
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[Greco-Roman Period]
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[Greco-Roman Period]
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in hieratic
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Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Noun
m
- spittle [Pyramid Texts]
Inflection
Declension of tf (masculine)
| singular
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tf
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| dual
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tfwj
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| plural
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tfw
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Descendants
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲑⲁϥ (thaf), ⲑⲏϥ (thēf)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲁϥ (taf)
References
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 54–55.
- Edel, Elmar (1955-1964) Altägyptische Grammatik, volume 1, Rome: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, § 182 et seq., page 83 et seq.
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 297.6–297.9
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN
- ^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 42
Swedish
Adjective
tf (not comparable)
- abbreviation of tillförordnad, acting (e.g. manager)
References