tombar
Catalan
Etymology
From an onomatopoeic / expressive root tumb- or tomb-, imitating the sound of rolling, tumbling, or falling.[1] Compare French tomber, Spanish tumbar, Romanian tumbă, etc.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (Central) [tumˈba]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [tomˈba]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [tomˈbaɾ]
- Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
Verb
tombar (first-person singular present tombo, first-person singular preterite tombí, past participle tombat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/
- (transitive) to turn (to change the direction of by rotation)
- (transitive) to flip over, to turn over (to rotate top to bottom)
- (transitive) to knock down (to hit something so that it falls)
- (intransitive) to turn, to spin (to move around an axis)
Conjugation
Conjugation of tombar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | |||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | |||||||
| plural | |||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | |||||||
| imperfect | |||||||
| future | |||||||
| preterite | |||||||
| conditional | |||||||
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | |||||||
| imperfect | |||||||
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| affirmative | — | ||||||
| negative (no) | — | no tombis | no tombi | no tombem | no tombeu | no tombin | |
Derived terms
References
- ^ “tombar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
Further reading
- “tombar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
- “tombar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “tombar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Portuguese
Etymology
From an onomatopoeic/ expressive root tumb- or tomb-, imitating the sound of rolling, tumbling, or falling.[1]
Compare Spanish tumbar, Catalan tombar, French tomber, Romanian tumbă, etc. Possibly a cognate of German taumeln.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /tõˈba(ʁ)/ [tõˈba(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /tõˈba(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /tõˈba(ʁ)/ [tõˈba(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /tõˈba(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /tõˈbaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /tõˈba.ɾi/
Verb
tombar (first-person singular present tombo, first-person singular preterite tombei, past participle tombado)
- to fall down; to tumble
- (intransitive, euphemistic) to fall (to die, especially in battle)
- Synonym: cair
- to put into government protection
- to register an estate (heritage wise)
Conjugation
Conjugation of tombar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | ||||||
| Personal | ||||||
| Gerund | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | ||||||
| Feminine | ||||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | ||||||
| Imperfect | ||||||
| Preterite | 1, 2 | |||||
| Pluperfect | ||||||
| Future | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | ||||||
| Imperfect | ||||||
| Future | ||||||
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | ||||||
| Negative (não) | não tombes | não tombe | não tombemos | não tombeis | não tombem | |
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.