wa-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "wa"

Chichewa

Etymology 1

From u- (“thou, you (singular)”) +‎ -a- (“past perfect infix”). Cognate with Tumbuka wa-

Prefix

wa-

  1. 2nd person singular subject concord in the past perfect tense.

Etymology 2

From a- (“he, she”) +‎ -a- (“past perfect infix”). Cognate with Tumbuka wa-

Prefix

wa-

  1. 3rd person singular subject concord in the past perfect tense.

See also

Etymology 3

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *gʊ́á-. Cognate with Tumbuka wa-, Yao wa- and Zulu wa-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. Class 3 possessive concords.

Chuukese

Prefix

wa-

  1. to put
  2. to place

Curripaco

Prefix

wa-

  1. first person plural agent marker

References

  • Swintha Danielsen, Tania Granadillo, Agreement in two Arawak languages, in The Typology of Semantic Alignment (edited by Mark Donohue, Søren Wichmann) (2008, →ISBN, page 398

Lakota

Prefix

wa-

  1. turns certain verbs into a noun; verbal noun modifier
    ‎wa- + ‎pȟóštaŋ (“to put something on one's head”) → ‎wapȟóštaŋ (“hat”)
  2. creates an agent noun
    ‎wa- + ‎oyúspa (“to seize, grab, hold on to, arrest”) → ‎wawóyuspa (“policeman”)
  3. to do with arrowheads

Synonyms

  • (verbal noun): wó-
  • (arrowhead): wi-, waŋ-

Northern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *jʊ̀á-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 1 possessive concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́á-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 3 possessive concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. they; class 6 subject concord; form of a- used when another prefix precedes.
  2. them; class 6 object concord.

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. they; class 6 subject concord; form of a- used when another prefix precedes.
  2. them; class 6 object concord.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *jʊ̀á-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 1 possessive concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́á-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 3 possessive concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. they; class 6 subject concord; form of a- used when another prefix precedes.
  2. them; class 6 object concord.

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bà-.

Prefix

wa- (singular m-)

  1. wa class(II) noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting plurals of m class(I)
    watoto wazuri ― nice children
    ‎mtu (“person”) → ‎watu (“people”)
    ‎Mwingereza (“English person”) → ‎Waingereza (“English people”)
Usage notes

Some words are irregular:

‎mwizi (“thief”) → ‎wezi (“thieves”)
‎mwanamke (“woman”) → ‎wanawake (“women”)
‎-ingine (“other”) → ‎wengine
See also
  • Appendix:Swahili noun classes

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. they, 3rd person plural (wa class(II)) subject concord
    Antonym: hawa-
  2. verb-initial form of -wa- (“them (3rd person plural (wa class(II)) object concord) or you (2nd person plural object concord)”)
See also
Swahili personal pronouns (m-wa class(I/II))
person independent subject concord object
concord 		combined forms possessive
affirmative negative na ndi- si-
singular first mimi ni- si- -ni- nami, na mimi ndimi, ndiye simi, siye -angu
second wewe u- hu- -ku- nawe, na wewe ndiwe, ndiye siwe, siye -ako
third yeye a-, yu- ha-, hayu- -m-, -mw-, -mu- naye, na yeye ndiye siye -ake
plural first sisi tu- hatu- -tu- nasi, na sisi ndisi, ndio sio -etu
second ninyi m-, mw-, mu- ham-, hamw-, hamu- -wa- nanyi, na ninyi ndinyi, ndio sinyi, sio -enu
third wao wa- hawa- -wa- nao ndio sio -ao
reflexive — — -ji- — —
For a full table including other classes, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns.

Etymology 3

Prefix

wa-

  1. contraction of u- + -a- (“2nd person singular, m class(III), and u class(XI) gnomic”)
  2. contraction of wa- + -a- (“3rd person plural (wa class(II)) gnomic”)

Swazi

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. they; class 6 subject concord; form of a- used when another prefix precedes.
  2. them; class 6 object concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *jʊ̀á-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 1 possessive concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́á-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 3 possessive concord.

Tumbuka

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *à-

Prefix

wa-

  1. Class 1 subject concord.

Etymology 2

From u- (“thou, you (singular)”) +‎ -a- (“recent perfect infix”). Cognate with Chichewa wa-

Prefix

wa-

  1. 2nd person singular subject concord in the recent past tense.

Etymology 3

From a- (“he, she”) +‎ -a- (“recent perfect infix”). Cognate with Chichewa wa-

Prefix

wa-

  1. 3rd person singular subject concord in the recent past tense.

Etymology 4

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *gʊ́á-. Cognate with Chichewa wa-, Yao wa- and Zulu wa-

Prefix

wa-

  1. Class 3 possessive concords.

Xhosa

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *jʊ̀á-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 1 possessive concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́á-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 3 possessive concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. they; class 6 subject concord; form of a- used when another prefix precedes.
  2. them; class 6 object concord.

Yao

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *gʊ́á-

Prefix

wa-

  1. Class 3 possessive concord.

Zulu

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *jʊ̀á-. Cognate with Yao jwa-

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 1 possessive concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́á-. Cognate with Chichewa wa-, Tumbuka wa- and Yao wa-.

Prefix

wa-

  1. of; class 3 possessive concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *gá-.

Prefix

wá-

  1. they; class 6 subject concord; form of a- used when another prefix precedes.
  2. them; class 6 object concord.

References

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