кому
Bulgarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [koˈmu]
Audio: (file)
Pronoun
кому́ • (komú) sg (interrogative)
- (dated) dative singular of кой (koj); to whom, for whom, whom (used as the indirect object of a verb.)
- Кому да пиша?
- Komu da piša?
- To whom should I write?
- Кому дадоха наградата?
- Komu dadoha nagradata?
- To whom was the award given?
- Кому е нужно?
- Komu e nužno?
- Who needs it?
- Няма кому да се оплача.
- Njama komu da se oplača.
- There is no one to complain to.
Usage notes
The dative form is used only when кой (koj) is on its own (not in front of a noun) and refers to a person. It is considered dated and is often replaced by на (na) + the prepositional form:
На кого да пиша? На кого дадоха наградата?
- Na kogo da piša? Na kogo dadoha nagradata?
- To whom should I write? To whom did they give the award?
In informal Bulgarian the nominative form is often used instead of the prepositional:
На кой да пиша? На кой дадоха наградата.
- Na koj da piša? Na koj dadoha nagradata.
- To who should I write? To who did they give the award?
This usage is not standard.
Related terms
| personal | qualitative | possessive | quantitative | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | nominative | кой (koj) | какъ́в (kakǎ́v) ко́лкав (kólkav) |
чий (čij) | ко́лко (kólko) колци́на (kolcína) |
| accusative | кого́ (kogó) | ||||
| dative | кому́ (komú) | ||||
| prepositional | с кого́ (s kogó) | ||||
| feminine | коя́ (kojá) | каква́ (kakvá) ко́лкава (kólkava) |
чия́ (čijá) | ||
| neuter | кое́ (koé) какво́ (kakvó) що (što) |
какво́ (kakvó) ко́лкаво (kólkavo) |
чие́ (čié) | ||
| plural | кои́ (koí) | какви́ (kakví) ко́лкави (kólkavi) |
чии́ (čií) | ||
Macedonian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkɔmu]
Pronoun
кому • (komu)
- Indirect object form of кој (koj).
Russian
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kɐˈmu]
Pronoun
кому́ • (komú)
- dative of кто (kto)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkomʊ]
Noun
ко́му • (kómu) m inan
- dative singular of ко́м (kóm)
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkomʊ]
Noun
ко́му • (kómu) f inan
- accusative singular of ко́ма (kóma)
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kǒmu/
- Hyphenation: ко‧му
Pronoun
ко̀му (Latin spelling kòmu)
- to whom (dative)
Declension
Declension of кому
Ukrainian
Pronunciation
- кому́: IPA(key): [koˈmu]
- ко́му: IPA(key): [ˈkɔmʊ]
Pronoun
кому́ • (komú)
- dative of хто (xto)
Pronoun
ко́му • (kómu)
Noun
ко́му • (kómu) f inan
- accusative singular of ко́ма (kóma)