است
Arabic
Alternative forms
Etymology
Unclear.
Conceivably from Proto-Semitic *ʔišd- (“backside, lower leg, base, foundation”), and related to Classical Syriac ܐܫܬܐ (eštā, “base, bottom, buttocks”), Ugaritic 𐎌𐎚 (št), Hebrew שֵׁת (šēṯ), and Akkadian 𒁼 (išdum, “base, foundation, root”), then related to Arabic أُسّ (ʔuss) and أَسَاس (ʔasās), both meaning base or foundation.
Noun
اِسْت • (ist) m (plural أَسْتَاه (ʔastāh))
- rump; buttocks
- first, beginning, foundation
- اِسْتُ الدَّهْرِ ― istu ad-dahri ― the beginning of time
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | اِسْت ist |
الِاسْت al-ist |
اِسْت ist |
| nominative | اِسْتٌ istun |
الِاسْتُ al-istu |
اِسْتُ istu |
| accusative | اِسْتًا istan |
الِاسْتَ al-ista |
اِسْتَ ista |
| genitive | اِسْتٍ istin |
الِاسْتِ al-isti |
اِسْتِ isti |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | اِسْتَيْن istayn |
الِاسْتَيْن al-istayn |
اِسْتَيْ istay |
| nominative | اِسْتَانِ istāni |
الِاسْتَانِ al-istāni |
اِسْتَا istā |
| accusative | اِسْتَيْنِ istayni |
الِاسْتَيْنِ al-istayni |
اِسْتَيْ istay |
| genitive | اِسْتَيْنِ istayni |
الِاسْتَيْنِ al-istayni |
اِسْتَيْ istay |
| plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | أَسْتَاه ʔastāh |
الْأَسْتَاه al-ʔastāh |
أَسْتَاه ʔastāh |
| nominative | أَسْتَاهٌ ʔastāhun |
الْأَسْتَاهُ al-ʔastāhu |
أَسْتَاهُ ʔastāhu |
| accusative | أَسْتَاهًا ʔastāhan |
الْأَسْتَاهَ al-ʔastāha |
أَسْتَاهَ ʔastāha |
| genitive | أَسْتَاهٍ ʔastāhin |
الْأَسْتَاهِ al-ʔastāhi |
أَسْتَاهِ ʔastāhi |
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:است.
Brahui
Alternative forms
- ہُسْت (hust)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *ucV-. Cognate with Kurukh उज्जना (ujjanā)
Pronunciation
Noun
اُسْتْ (ust)
Further reading
- Burrow, T., Emeneau, M. B. (1984) “5393”, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
Khalaj
Postposition
اَست (ast)
Noun
اَست (ast) (definite accusative اَستؽ, plural اَستلار)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | است | استلار |
| genitive | استؽݧ | استلارؽݧ |
| dative | استقا | استلارقا |
| definite accusative | استؽ | استلارؽ |
| locative | استچا | استلارچا |
| ablative | استدا | استلاردا |
| instrumental | استلا | استلارلا |
| equative | استوارا | استلاروارا |
Persian
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭲𐭩 (ast), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (astiy), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈʔast/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔäst̪]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæst̪]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔäst̪]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | ast |
| Dari reading? | ast |
| Iranian reading? | ast |
| Tajik reading? | ast |
Audio (Iran): (file)
Verb
است • (ast)
Etymology 2
From Middle Persian 𐫀𐫘𐫤 (ʾst /ast/), from Proto-Iranian *HástH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HástʰH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁. Cognate with Northern Kurdish hestî, Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬌- (asti-), Sanskrit अस्थि (asthi), Latin os, Ancient Greek ὀστέον (ostéon), Armenian ոսկոր (oskor).
Noun
است • (ast)
- (rare) bone
See also
- استخوان (ostoxân)