نفت

See also: نقب, تفت, ثقب, and ث ق ب

Arabic

Verb

نَفَتْ • (nafat) (form I) /na.fat/

  1. third-person feminine singular past active of نَفَا (nafā) and نَفَى (nafā)

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Persian نفت (naft).

Noun

نفت • (neft)

  1. naphtha, petroleum, rock oil
  2. spirit of turpentine (while “oil of turpentine” according to historical dogmatics is followed by یاغی (yağı) or preceded by روغن (revğan-ı, ruğan-ı))
  3. a flammable mix used in war such as Greek fire

Descendants

  • Turkish: neft
  • → Greek: νέφτι (néfti)
  • → Russian: нефть (neftʹ)

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (npt' /⁠naft⁠/, “moist, damp; naphtha”), from Old Persian *naftah (“naphtha”).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? naft
Dari reading? naft
Iranian reading? naft
Tajik reading? naft
  • Audio (Iran):(file)
  • Rhymes: -aft

Noun

نفت • (naft) (plural نفت‌ها (naft-hā / naft-hâ), Tajik spelling нафт)

  1. petroleum, oil
    Synonym: نفت خام (naft-e xâm)
  2. kerosene (US), paraffin (UK)
    Synonyms: نفت سفید (naft-e sefid), نفت چراغ (naft-e čerâġ)
  3. (obsolete) a flammable mix used in war such as Greek fire
    نفت‌انداز
    naft-andâz
    somebody who throws Greek fire in war

Inflection

Basic forms of نفت
singular plural
bare نفت (naft) نفت‌ها، نفتا△ (naft-hấ, naftấ△)
definitive direct object نفت را، نفت رو△ (naft râ, nafto△) نفت‌ها را، نفتا رو△ (naft-hấ râ, naftấ ro△)
ezâfe نفت (naft-e) نفت‌های، نفتای△ (naft-hấ-ye, naftấ-ye△)
marked indefinite
or relative definite 		نفتی (naft-i) نفت‌هایی، نفتایی△ (naftấn-i, naft-hấ-i, naftấi△)

△ Colloquial.

Possessive forms of نفت
singular plural
1st person singular
(“my”) 		نفتم (naftam) نفت‌هایم، نفت‌هام، نفتام△ (naft-hấyam, naftấm△)
2nd person singular
(“your”) 		نفتت (naftat, naftet△) نفت‌هایت، نفت‌هات، نفتات△ (naft-hấyat, naftất△)
3rd person singular
(“his, her, its”) 		نفتش (naftaš, nafteš△) نفت‌هایش، نفت‌هاش، نفتاش△ (naft-hấyaš, naftấš△)
1st person plural
(“our”) 		نفتمان، نفتمون△ (naftemân, naftemun△) نفت‌هایمان، نفت‌هامون، نفتامون△ (naft-hấyemân, naftấmun△)
2nd person plural
(“your”) 		نفتتان، نفتتون△ (naftetân, naftetun△) نفت‌هایتان، نفت‌هاتون، نفتاتون△ (naft-hấyetân, naftấtun△)
3rd person plural
(“their”) 		نفتشان، نفتشون△ (naftešân, naftešun△) نفت‌هایشان، نفت‌هاشون، نفتاشون△ (naft-hấyešân, naftấšun△)

△ Colloquial.

Predicative forms of نفت (naft)
singular plural
1st person
(“I am, we are”) 		نفتم (naftam) نفتیم (naftim)
2nd person
(“you are”) 		نفتی (nafti) نفتید، نفتین△ (naftid, naftin△)
3rd person
(“he/she/it is, they are”) 		نفت است، نفته△ (naft ast, nafte△) نفتند، نفتن△ (naftand, naftan△)

△ Colloquial.

Derived terms

  • نفت خام (naft-e xâm)
  • نفت سفید (naft-e sefid)
  • نفت چراغ (naft-e čerâġ)
  • نفت کوره (naft-e kure)
  • نفتی (nafti)

Descendants

Further reading

  • Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “نفت”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎[1] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 1332a

Urdu

Etymology

From Classical Persian نَفْت (naft), from Middle Persian [script needed] (npt' /⁠naft⁠/, “moist, damp; naphtha”), from Old Persian *naftah (“naphtha”).

Noun

نَفْت • (naft) ? (Hindi spelling नफ़्त)

  1. petroleum
  2. fuel, fuel oil
  3. naphta

References

  • “نفت”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
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