هيك
North Levantine Arabic
Alternative forms
- هَيكِي (hayke, hēke), (obsolete) هيكد (haykid)
Etymology
Inherited from Arabic هَٰكَذَا (hākaḏā, “thus, so”) via an intermediate Levantine form resembling *هَيْكِذَا (*haykiḏā). This intermediate form eventually developed into هيكي (hayke) and later into هيك (hayk, hēk), which is the same variation as between terms like هوني (hawne, hōne) and هون (hōn, “here”).
The initial reduction of *هَيْكِذَا (*haykiḏā) to هيكي (hayke) could have happened in various ways, including via:
- Apocopated *هَيْكِذ (*haykiḏ), which additionally yielded South Levantine Arabic هيكذ (hēkiḏ) and obsolete North Levantine Arabic هَيْكِد (haykid)
- Syncopated *هَيْكَا (*haykā), which additionally yielded South Levantine Arabic هَيْكَا (hēka)
Either one of these forms could then have produced هيكي (hayke) and eventually هيك (hayk, hēk).
Cognate to Egyptian Arabic كِدَه (keda), كِدَا (keda), Moroccan Arabic هَكدَا (hākda), هَكَّا (hākka), Iraqi Arabic هَيچ (hīč), and others.
Adverb
هيك • (hayk, hēk)
- so, thus, like so
- this way (i.e., direction), that way (i.e., direction) (e.g., to look this or that way, i.e., in this or that direction)
- (by extension) this, that; used as a pronominal object of قال (ʔāl, “to say”), فكّر (fakkar, “to think”), and similar transitive verbs of expression, عِمِل (ʕimil, “to do”) and synonyms, and comparative مِن (min, “than”).
- ليه قلت هيك؟ ليه عملت هيك؟ فكرتك أحسن من هيك
- lē ʔilt hēk? lē ʕmilt hēk? fakkartak ʔaḥsan min hēk
- Why did you say that? Why did you do that? I thought you were better than this.
- (literally, “Why did you say so? Why did you do so? I thought you better than so”)
Usage notes
- The use of demonstratives like هيدا (hayda, “this”, proximal demonstrative) and especially هيداك (haydāk, “that”, distal demonstrative) in the contexts demonstrated by the last usage example, which would parallel English usage of "this" and "that", is ungrammatical.
Derived terms
- ما هيك (ma hēk, ma hayk) ~ مشيك (mšēk, mšayk, “right?”, tag question)
- هيك هيك (hēk hēk, hayk hayk, “either way; no matter what”, literally “this way [and] that way”)
- هيكيك (haykīk, hēkīk) ~ هيكيكي (haykīke, hēkīke, “like that; in that manner”)
Determiner
هيك • (hayk, hēk)
- such; such kind, this kind of
- ما فيي إتحمل هيك حكي منك!
- ma fiyyi ʔitḥammal hēk ḥaki minnak!
- I can’t stand this kind of talk from you!
South Levantine Arabic
Alternative forms
- هيكي (hēke)
Etymology
From Arabic هَٰكَذَا (hākaḏā, “thus, so”). Cognate to Egyptian Arabic كِدَه (keda), كِدَا (keda), Moroccan Arabic هَكدَا (hākda), هَكَّا (hākka), Iraqi Arabic هَيچ (hēč), and others.
Pronunciation
Adverb
هيك • (hēk)
Derived terms
Determiner
هيك • (hēk)