قال

See also: فال and فأل

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ق و ل (q w l)
11 terms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /qaː.la/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

قَالَ • (qāla) I (non-past يَقُولُ (yaqūlu), verbal noun قَوْل (qawl) or مَقَال (maqāl) or مَقَالَة (maqāla))

  1. to say
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:131:
      إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ رَبُّهُ أَسْلِمْ ۖ قَالَ أَسْلَمْتُ لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
      ʔiḏ qāla lahu rabbuhu ʔaslim qāla ʔaslamtu lirabbi l-ʕālamīna
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      his Lord said to him: "Bow (thy will to Me):" He said: "I bow (my will) to the Lord and Cherisher of the Universe."
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 14:35:
      وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ هَٰذَا الْبَلَدَ آمِنًا وَاجْنُبْنِي وَبَنِيَّ أَن نَّعْبُدَ الْأَصْنَامَ
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      And when Abraham said, “My Lord, make this land safe, and spare me and my children from worshiping idols.”
    • 1955, “(Please provide the song title)”, Mahmoud El-Sherif (lyrics), Abdalla Shams El-Din (music)‎[[[w:Allahu Akbar (anthem)|Allahu Akbar]]]:
      قولوا معي قولوا معي
      الله الله الله أكبر
      Say with me! Say with me!
      God, God, God is great!
  2. to call (by name)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:154:
      وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَن يُقْتَلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَمْوَاتٌ ۚ بَلْ أَحْيَاءٌ وَلَٰكِن لَّا تَشْعُرُونَ
      walā taqūlū liman yuqtalu fī sabīli l-lahi ʔamwātunbal ʔaḥyāʔun walākin lā tašʕurūna
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 21:60:
      قَالُوا سَمِعْنَا فَتًى يَذْكُرُهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ
      qālū samiʕnā fatan yaḏkuruhum yuqālu lahu ʔibrāhīmu
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. to tell
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 24:30:
      قُلْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَغُضُّوا مِنْ أَبْصَارِهِمْ
      qul lilmuʔminīna yaḡuḍḍū min ʔabṣārihim
      Tell the believing men to lower their gaze,...
  4. to advocate, to propound, to root, to stand up for, to support [with بِ (bi)]
    • 1913, “النباتات الأهلية وفوائدها الطبية”, in المقتطف, volume 44, number 6 (حزيران), Cairo: Al-Muktataf Printing Office, حديث عن اللبن الرائب, page 593:
      ويقول الأوروبيون بنوع خصوصي على الكفير وهو كذلك لبن شرقي يحضر في القوقاس بتخمير حليب البقر بخميرة خصوصية تباع في الصيدلات في أوروبا ومصر كتلا جامدة مرنة جلاتينية بيضاء مصفرة مستديرة أو مخروطية بحجم الحمصة. […]
      The Europeans advocate for a particular kind [of yoghurt] in consideration of kefir and it is likewise an Eastern milk afforded in the Caucasus by acidifying cow’s milk with particular yeast, sold in pharmacies in Europe and Egypt in congealed heaps, elastic, gelatineous, round or conic like a chickpea.
Conjugation
Conjugation of قَالَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, full passive, verbal nouns قَوْل, مَقَال, مَقَالَة)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
قَوْل, مَقَال, مَقَالَة
qawl, maqāl, maqāla
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
قَائِل
qāʔil
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مَقُول
maqūl
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m قُلْتُ
qultu
قُلْتَ
qulta
قَالَ
qāla
قُلْتُمَا
qultumā
قَالَا
qālā
قُلْنَا
qulnā
قُلْتُمْ
qultum
قَالُوا
qālū
f قُلْتِ
qulti
قَالَتْ
qālat
قَالَتَا
qālatā
قُلْتُنَّ
qultunna
قُلْنَ
qulna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَقُولُ
ʔaqūlu
تَقُولُ
taqūlu
يَقُولُ
yaqūlu
تَقُولَانِ
taqūlāni
يَقُولَانِ
yaqūlāni
نَقُولُ
naqūlu
تَقُولُونَ
taqūlūna
يَقُولُونَ
yaqūlūna
f تَقُولِينَ
taqūlīna
تَقُولُ
taqūlu
تَقُولَانِ
taqūlāni
تَقُلْنَ
taqulna
يَقُلْنَ
yaqulna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَقُولَ
ʔaqūla
تَقُولَ
taqūla
يَقُولَ
yaqūla
تَقُولَا
taqūlā
يَقُولَا
yaqūlā
نَقُولَ
naqūla
تَقُولُوا
taqūlū
يَقُولُوا
yaqūlū
f تَقُولِي
taqūlī
تَقُولَ
taqūla
تَقُولَا
taqūlā
تَقُلْنَ
taqulna
يَقُلْنَ
yaqulna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَقُلْ
ʔaqul
تَقُلْ
taqul
يَقُلْ
yaqul
تَقُولَا
taqūlā
يَقُولَا
yaqūlā
نَقُلْ
naqul
تَقُولُوا
taqūlū
يَقُولُوا
yaqūlū
f تَقُولِي
taqūlī
تَقُلْ
taqul
تَقُولَا
taqūlā
تَقُلْنَ
taqulna
يَقُلْنَ
yaqulna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m قُلْ
qul
قُولَا
qūlā
قُولُوا
qūlū
f قُولِي
qūlī
قُلْنَ
qulna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m قِلْتُ
qiltu
قِلْتَ
qilta
قِيلَ
qīla
قِلْتُمَا
qiltumā
قِيلَا
qīlā
قِلْنَا
qilnā
قِلْتُمْ
qiltum
قِيلُوا
qīlū
f قِلْتِ
qilti
قِيلَتْ
qīlat
قِيلَتَا
qīlatā
قِلْتُنَّ
qiltunna
قِلْنَ
qilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُقَالُ
ʔuqālu
تُقَالُ
tuqālu
يُقَالُ
yuqālu
تُقَالَانِ
tuqālāni
يُقَالَانِ
yuqālāni
نُقَالُ
nuqālu
تُقَالُونَ
tuqālūna
يُقَالُونَ
yuqālūna
f تُقَالِينَ
tuqālīna
تُقَالُ
tuqālu
تُقَالَانِ
tuqālāni
تُقَلْنَ
tuqalna
يُقَلْنَ
yuqalna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُقَالَ
ʔuqāla
تُقَالَ
tuqāla
يُقَالَ
yuqāla
تُقَالَا
tuqālā
يُقَالَا
yuqālā
نُقَالَ
nuqāla
تُقَالُوا
tuqālū
يُقَالُوا
yuqālū
f تُقَالِي
tuqālī
تُقَالَ
tuqāla
تُقَالَا
tuqālā
تُقَلْنَ
tuqalna
يُقَلْنَ
yuqalna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُقَلْ
ʔuqal
تُقَلْ
tuqal
يُقَلْ
yuqal
تُقَالَا
tuqālā
يُقَالَا
yuqālā
نُقَلْ
nuqal
تُقَالُوا
tuqālū
يُقَالُوا
yuqālū
f تُقَالِي
tuqālī
تُقَلْ
tuqal
تُقَالَا
tuqālā
تُقَلْنَ
tuqalna
يُقَلْنَ
yuqalna

References

  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “قول”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 2

Root
ق ي ل (q y l)
8 terms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /qaː.la/

Verb

قَالَ • (qāla) I (non-past يَقِيلُ (yaqīlu), verbal noun قَيْل (qayl) or قَيْلُولَة (qaylūla))

  1. To nap.
  2. To do something at noon.
  3. To cancel a contract or a promise.
Conjugation
Conjugation of قَالَ (I, hollow, a ~ i, no passive, verbal nouns قَيْل, قَيْلُولَة)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
قَيْل, قَيْلُولَة
qayl, qaylūla
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
قَائِل
qāʔil
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m قِلْتُ
qiltu
قِلْتَ
qilta
قَالَ
qāla
قِلْتُمَا
qiltumā
قَالَا
qālā
قِلْنَا
qilnā
قِلْتُمْ
qiltum
قَالُوا
qālū
f قِلْتِ
qilti
قَالَتْ
qālat
قَالَتَا
qālatā
قِلْتُنَّ
qiltunna
قِلْنَ
qilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَقِيلُ
ʔaqīlu
تَقِيلُ
taqīlu
يَقِيلُ
yaqīlu
تَقِيلَانِ
taqīlāni
يَقِيلَانِ
yaqīlāni
نَقِيلُ
naqīlu
تَقِيلُونَ
taqīlūna
يَقِيلُونَ
yaqīlūna
f تَقِيلِينَ
taqīlīna
تَقِيلُ
taqīlu
تَقِيلَانِ
taqīlāni
تَقِلْنَ
taqilna
يَقِلْنَ
yaqilna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَقِيلَ
ʔaqīla
تَقِيلَ
taqīla
يَقِيلَ
yaqīla
تَقِيلَا
taqīlā
يَقِيلَا
yaqīlā
نَقِيلَ
naqīla
تَقِيلُوا
taqīlū
يَقِيلُوا
yaqīlū
f تَقِيلِي
taqīlī
تَقِيلَ
taqīla
تَقِيلَا
taqīlā
تَقِلْنَ
taqilna
يَقِلْنَ
yaqilna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَقِلْ
ʔaqil
تَقِلْ
taqil
يَقِلْ
yaqil
تَقِيلَا
taqīlā
يَقِيلَا
yaqīlā
نَقِلْ
naqil
تَقِيلُوا
taqīlū
يَقِيلُوا
yaqīlū
f تَقِيلِي
taqīlī
تَقِلْ
taqil
تَقِيلَا
taqīlā
تَقِلْنَ
taqilna
يَقِلْنَ
yaqilna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m قِلْ
qil
قِيلَا
qīlā
قِيلُوا
qīlū
f قِيلِي
qīlī
قِلْنَ
qilna

Egyptian Arabic

Root
ق و ل
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic قَالَ (qāla).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔaːl/, [ˈʔæːl]

Verb

قال • (ʔāl) I (non-past يقول (yiʔūl))

  1. to say

Conjugation

Conjugation of قال
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قلت (ʔult) قلت (ʔult) قال (ʔāl) قلنا (ʔulna) قلتوا (ʔultu) قولوا (ʔūlu)
f قلتي (ʔulti) قالت (ʔālit)
present subjunctive m اقول (aʔūl) تقول (tiʔūl) يقول (yiʔūl) نقول (niʔūl) تقولوا (tiʔūlu) يقولوا (yiʔūlu)
f تقولي (tiʔūli) تقول (tiʔūl)
present indicative m بقول (baʔūl) بتقول (bitʔūl) بيقول (biyʔūl) بنقول (binʔūl) بتقولوا (bitʔūlu) بيقولوا (biyʔūlu)
f بتقولي (bitʔūlu) بتقول (bitʔūl)
future1 m هقول (haʔūl) هتقول (hatʔūl) هيقول (hayʔūl) هنقول (hanʔūl) هتقولوا (hatʔūlu) هيقولوا (hayʔūlu)
f هتقولي (hatʔūlu) هتقول (hatʔūl)
imperative m قول (ʔūl) قولوا (ʔūlu)
f قولي (ʔūli)

1 The future tense can be prefixed with either هـ (ha-) or حـ (ḥa-) depending on the speaker.

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ق و ل
3 terms

Etymology

From Arabic قَالَ (qāla).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡaːl/

Verb

قال • (gāl) I (non-past يِقُول (yigūl))

  1. to say

Conjugation

Conjugation of قال
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قلت (gult) قلت (gult) قال (gāl) قلنا (gulna) قلتوا (gultu) قالوا (gālu)
f قلتي (gulti) قالت (gālat)
non-past m أقول (ʔagūl) تقول (tigūl) يقول (yigūl) نقول (nigūl) تقولوا (tigūlu) يقولوا (yigūlu)
f تقولي (tigūli) تقول (tigūl)
imperative m قول (gūl) قولوا (gūlu)
f قولي (gūli)

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ق و ل
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic قَالَ (qāla).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /qaːl/

Verb

قال • (qāl) I (non-past يقول (yqūl))

  1. to say

Conjugation

Conjugation of قال
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قلت (qult) قلتي (qulti) قال (qāl) قلنا (qulna) قلتوا (qultu) قالوا (qālu)
f قالت (qālet)
non-past m نقول (nqūl) تقول (tqūl) يقول (yqūl) نقولوا (nqūlu) تقولوا (tqūlu) يقولوا (yqūlu)
f تقولي (tqūli) تقول (tqūl)
imperative m قول (qūl) قولوا (qūlu)
f قولي (qūli)

North Levantine Arabic

Root
ق و ل
1 term

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic قَالَ (qāla).

Pronunciation

Verb

قال • (ʔāl) I (non-past يقول (yʔūl), active participle قايل (ʔāyil))

  1. (transitive) to say
  2. to tell [with ـلـ (-l-, + object ‘someone’)]
  3. to say to oneself, say in one's head
    عم ضل قول شو هالريحة بس ما بسترجي إحكيها ع صوت عالي
    ʕam ḍall ʔūl šū har-rīḥa bas ma bistarji ʔiḥkíya ʕa ṣōt ʕāli
    I keep saying to myself, what's that smell?, but I don't have the guts to say it out loud
    1. to figure, intend
      قالولنا إنهن اليوم رح يقطعوا المي قلت لخبرك
      ʔālūlna ʔinnun l-yōm raḥ yiʔṭaʕu l-ṃayy ʔilt la ḵabbrak
      They told us that they were going to shut off the water today, I figured I'd tell you
      (literally, “I said [to myself] I should tell you”)
      سمعنا ضجة قلنا منجي منطل
      smiʕna ḍajje ʔilna mniji minṭull
      We heard a ruckus, we figured we'd come see what was going on
      (literally, “we said [to ourselves] we'd come check”)
    2. to believe, reckon, have a hunch
      شو؟ طلعوا معك مفاتيحي؟ ايه عم قول!
      šū? ṭilʕu maʕik mfātīḥi? ʔē ʕam ʔūl!
      Huh? It turned out my keys were with you? I knew it!
      (literally, “I've been saying [to myself]!”)

Usage notes

  • When construed with ـلـ (-l-, to), the nonpast stem قُولِيلـ (-ʔūlīl-, second-person feminine) has the alternative form قِيلِيلـ (-ʔīlīl-), where the stem vowel assimilates to the suffixed -ī-.

Adverb

قال • (ʔāl)

  1. apparently, supposedly, reportedly, allegedly

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Vulgarized form of Arabic قِلْي (qily, ash, potash).

Noun

قال • (kal) (definite accusative قالی (kalı), plural قاللر (kallar))

  1. (metallurgy) smelting, the process of melting or fusion, especially to extract a desired metal from its ore
    Synonym: اذابه (izâbe)
  2. (metallurgy) refinement, cupellation, the process of purifying an impure metal using very high temperatures
Derived terms
  • قال اوجاغی (kal ocağı, smelting furnace)
  • قال ایتمك (kal etmek, to smelt, refine)
  • قال پوته‌سی (kal potası, refiner's crucible)
  • قالجی (kalcı, smelter, refiner)
  • قالخانه (kalhâne, refinery)
  • قاله طیانمق (kala dayanmak, to stand intense heat)
  • كسر قال (keser kal, diminuition caused by refining)
Descendants
  • Turkish: kal

Further reading

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].

Noun

قال • (kal) (definite accusative قالی (kalı), plural قاللر (kallar))

  1. speech, address, discourse, a series of words spoken one after the other to express a thought
    Synonyms: سوز (söz), لاف (laf)
Derived terms
  • قاله آلمق (kale almak, to speak about a subject)
  • قاله كلمك (kale gelmek, for a subject, to be discussed)
  • قیل و قال (kil ü kal, tittle-tattle)
Descendants

Further reading

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ق و ل
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic قَالَ (qāla).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (Urban) /ʔaːl/, [ʔæːl]
  • IPA(key): (Bedouin) /ɡaːl/, [ɡæːl]
  • Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

Verb

قال • (ʔāl) I (present بقول (biʔūl))

  1. (transitive) to say
    Synonym: حكى (ḥaka)
    شو بتقول إمّك؟šū bitʔūl ʔimmak?What does your mother say?
  2. (ditransitive, by extension) to tell
    قلتلّه بدّيش اروح.ʔoltillo biddīš arūḥI told him I don't want to go.

Usage notes

  • When the conjugation ends in a consonant cluster, the indirect-object marker ـلـ (-l-) is geminated, causing the stress to shift; additionally, the long vowel is reduced to a short vowel. However, this effect takes place as well simply when the indirect-object marker is attached immediately after the final ل of the term.
    شو عم بتقول؟šū ʕam bitʔūl?What are you saying?
    شو عم بتقلّي؟šū ʕam bitʔolli?What are you saying to me?
    شو قلتلّي؟šū ʔoltilli?What did you say to me?

Conjugation

Conjugation of قال
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قلت (ʔult) قلت (ʔult) قال (ʔāl) قلنا (ʔulna) قلتو (ʔultu) قالو (ʔālu)
f قلتي (ʔulti) قالت (ʔālat)
present m بقول (baʔūl) بتقول (bitʔūl) بقول (biʔūl) منقول (minʔūl) بتقولو (bitʔūlu) بيقولو (biʔūlu)
f بتقولي (bitʔūli) بتقول (bitʔūl)
subjunctive m اقول (aʔūl) تقول (tʔūl) يقول (yʔūl) نقول (nʔūl) تقولو (tʔūlu) يقولو (yʔūlu)
f تقولي (tʔūli) تقول (tʔūl)
imperative m قول (ʔūl) قولو (ʔūlu)
f قولي (ʔūli)

Tunisian Arabic

Root
ق و ل
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic قَالَ (qāla).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /qaːl/

Verb

قال (qāl) I (non-past يقول (yqūl))

  1. to say
  2. to tell

Conjugation

Conjugation of قال
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قلت (qult) قلت (qult) قال (qāl) قلنا (qulna) قلتوا (qultu) قالوا (qālu)
f قلتي (qulti) قالت (qālet)
non-past m نقول (nqūl) تقول (tqūl) يقول (yqūl) نقولوا (nqūlu) تقولوا (tqūlu) يقولوا (yqūlu)
f تقولي (tqūli) تقول (tqūl)
imperative m قول (qūl) قولوا (qūlu)
f قولي (qūli)