ب

ب U+0628, ب ARABIC LETTER BEH ← ا [U+0627] Arabic ة → [U+0629]

ﺏ U+FE8F, ﺏ ARABIC LETTER BEH ISOLATED FORM ← ﺎ [U+FE8E] Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺐ → [U+FE90]

ﺐ U+FE90, ﺐ ARABIC LETTER BEH FINAL FORM ← ﺏ [U+FE8F] Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺑ → [U+FE91]

ﺑ U+FE91, ﺑ ARABIC LETTER BEH INITIAL FORM ← ﺐ [U+FE90] Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺒ → [U+FE92]

ﺒ U+FE92, ﺒ ARABIC LETTER BEH MEDIAL FORM ← ﺑ [U+FE91] Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺓ → [U+FE93]

• (Name of letter) IPA^(key): [ba]
• (Phoneme) IPA^(key): [b]

ب (ba)

1. The second letter of the Acehnese alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters: حرف (haraih, harah) (script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ة, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ڠ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, ݢ, ل, م, ن, و, ۏ, ه, ء, ي, ى, ڽ ^[edit]

From the Nabataean Aramaic letter 𐢃 (l, “bet”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤁 (l, “bet”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓉐. See also Classical Syriac ܒ (l, “bet”), Hebrew ב (l, “beth”), Ancient Greek β (b), Latin B.

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /baːʔ/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Arabic alphabet, called بَاء (bāʔ) and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters: حُرُوف (ḥurūf) (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ث, ج, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ل, م, ن, ه, و, ي ^[edit]

ب • (b)

1. The second letter in traditional abjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded by أ (ʔ) and followed by ج (j).

ب • (b)

1. abbreviation of باب (bāb, “chapter”)

Ultimately Proto-Semitic *bV- (“with, in, at, among”) with likely interrelation with Proto-Semitic *bayt- (“site, location; nest, house”); cognates with Ugaritic 𐎁 (b), Aramaic ב־, Classical Syriac ܒ-, Hebrew בְּ־ (bə-), Ge'ez በ (bä) and Egyptian bw.

• IPA^(key): /bi/

بِـ • (bi-)

1. denotes an instrument or tool, with, by (a means)

   طَرَقْتُ الْمِسْمَارَ بِمِطْرَقَةٍ

   ṭaraqtu l-mismāra bi-miṭraqatin

   I hit the nail with a hammer

   رَماهُم بِٱلْحِجَارَةِ ― ramāhum bi-l-ḥijārati ― He pelted them with stones.

2. denotes the agent of unaccusative forms

   هُوَ يَتَقَوَّى بِهِ ― huwa yataqawwā bihi ― He is strengthened by it

   Coordinate term: (post-Classical) بِوَاسِطَة (biwāsiṭa, denotes the agent of passive forms)

3. denotes accompaniment

   Coordinate term: مَعَ (maʕa)

   1. with (a component)

      قَهْوةٌ بِٱلْحَلِيبِ ― qahwatun bi-l-ḥalībi ― coffee with milk

   2. with (a quality); in (a state)

      بِسُرُورٍ ― bi-surūrin ― with pleasure

      بِٱمْتِيازٍ ― bi-mtiyāzin ― with success and distinction

4. denotes proximity, with, to, next to, at (touching on, connected with, concerning)

   مَرْبُوطٌ بِشَجَرَةٍ ― marbūṭun bi-šajaratin ― tied to a tree

   لَا عَلاقةَ لَهُ بِٱلْمَوْضُوعِ

   lā ʕalāqata lahu bi-l-mawḍūʕi

   unrelated to the subject

5. denotes inclusion, surrounding, or location, within (a place); in; on; at

   بِٱلْأَرْضِ ― bi-l-ʔarḍi ― on the earth/in or inside the ground

   بِٱلقَرْيةِ ― bi-l-qaryati ― in the village

   بِٱلْمَكْتَبَةِ ― bi-l-maktabati ― at the library

   بِٱلْمَكْتَبِ ― bi-l-maktabi ― at the office/in the desk

   Synonym: فِي (fī)

6. denotes requital, giving or doing in return; for

   اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ بِأَلْفِ رِيَالٍ.

   ištaraytuhu bi-ʔalfi riyālin.

   I bought it for a thousand riyals.

7. augmented for confirmation

   Coordinate terms: مِنْ (min), لِ (li), كَ (ka)

   1. marks the predicate of a negative copula

      هُوَ لَيْسَ بِشَاهِدٍ وَلَا بِقَارِئٍ.

      huwa laysa bi-šāhidin wa-lā bi-qāriʔin.

      He is not one who witnessed [it] or read [it].

   2. with كَفَى (kafā)

      كَفَى بِصِحَّتِكَ ثَرْوَةً

      kafā biṣiḥḥatika ṯarwatan

      Your health is a sufficient wealth.

   3. with exclamation imperative

      أَجْمِلْ بِفَاطِمَةَ مِنْ اِمْرَأةٍ

      ʔajmil bifāṭimata min imraʔatin

      What a beautiful woman Fatima is!

      أَنْعِمْ بِهِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ

      ʔanʕim bihi min ṭaʕāmin

      What delicious food this is!

• بِمَا (bimā)
• بِمَ (bima)
• بِمَنْ (biman)

• Maltese: b’

• IPA^(key): /b/, [b]

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Balti alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, ڃ, چ, ڇ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ڗ, ژ, س, ش, ݜ, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, کٔ, گ, ل, م, ن, ݨ, ݩ, و, ہ, ھ, ی, ے ^[edit]

• IPA^(key): /b/, [b]

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Brahui alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, ڷ, م, ن, ں, ہ, ھ, ء, و, ی, ے ^[edit]

• IPA^(key): /b/, [b]

ب (b)

1. The fourth letter of the Burushaski alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ݳ‎, ݴ‎, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, ݼ, خ, څ, د, ڈ, ذ, ڎ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ݽ, ص, ض, ڞ, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, ݣ, گ, ل, م, ن, ں, و, ݸ, ݹ, ہ, ھ, ݷ, ئ, ی, ݵ, ݶ, ے, ݺ, ݻ ^[edit]

• IPA^(key): /b/, [b]

ب (b)

1. The third letter of the Central Kurdish alphabet, called با (ba) and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters: پیت (pît) (script appendix): ئـ, ا, ب, پ, ت, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ر, ڕ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ع, غ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, گ, ل, ڵ, م, ن, ھ, ہ, و, وو, ۆ, ى, ێ ^[edit]

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /p/, [b]

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Xiao'erjing abjad.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

From the Ottoman Turkish convention.

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Egyptian Arabic alphabet, called به and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters: حُرُوف (script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ث, ج, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ل, م, ن, ه, و, ي ^[edit]

• IPA^(key): /bi/

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

بـ • (bi-)

1. Used to conjugate present indicative verbs from their subjunctive forms.

Inherited from Arabic بِـ (bi-).

بـ • (bi-)

1. Denotes an instrument or means; with, by

   ضربته بشكوش ― ḍarabito bi-šakūš ― She hit him with a hammer

پ (be be-talat noʔaṭ)

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Gujarati alphabet, called بے and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, ࣇ, م, ن, ݨ, ں, و, ہ, ھ, ء, ی, ے ^[edit]

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /ˈbaːʔ/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Hijazi Arabic alphabet, called بَاء and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• پ (pāʔ)

• Arabic script letters: حُرُوف (ḥurūf) (script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ث, ج, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ل, م, ن, هـ, و, ي ^[edit]

Probably from a shortened form of Arabic بَغْيْ (baḡy, “to want”).

• IPA^(key): /bi/

بِـ • (bi)

2. -ing (prefix indicating the present continuous tense)

   بِيِتْكَلَّم ― biyitkallam ― he is speaking

From Arabic بِ (bi).

• IPA^(key): /bi/

بِـ • (bi)

1. with, by (a means)

   بِالْمِطْرَقة ― bi-l-miṭraga ― with a mallet

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Kashmiri alphabet, called بے (by) and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, و, ھ, ے ^[edit]

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /ba/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Kazakh alphabet, called با and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters: әріптер (ärıpter) (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ج, چ, ح, د, ر, ز, س, ش, ع, ف, ق, ك, گ, ڭ, ل, م, ن, ە, ھ, و, ۇ, ۋ, ۆ, ى, ي ^[edit]

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Khowar alphabet, called بے and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, ݮ, چ, ݯ, ح, خ, څ, ځ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, ݱ, س, ش, ݰ, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, و, ہ, ھ, ی, ے, ئ, ؤ, ء ^[edit]

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/, /w/, /v/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Kyrgyz alphabet, called بە and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters: тамгалар (tamgalar) (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ﻥ, ﺕ, ﺝ, ﭺ, ﺡ, ﻑ, ﻕ, ﻉ, ك, گ, ڭ, ﻝ, ﻡ, و, ۅ, ۉ, ﯗ, ﯞ, ﺱ, ﺵ, ﺩ, ﺭ, ﺯ, ﻩ, ﻯ, ﺀ, ﺋ, ﻲ, ﻯ, ء, ۋ, ﻻ ^[edit]

• (Name of letter) IPA^(key): [bɐ]
• (Phoneme, Syllable initial) IPA^(key): [b]
• (Phoneme, Syllable final) IPA^(key): [p̚]

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Malay alphabet, called باء and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ة, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ڠ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, ݢ, ل, م, ن, و, ۏ, ه, ء, ي, ى, ڽ ^[edit]

ب (bi)

1. Arabic spelling of bi (“by”)

From Arabic and Persian.

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Ottoman Turkish alphabet, called با and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ء, ب, پ, ت, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ڬ, ڭ, ل, م, ن, و, ه, ی ^[edit]

ب • (be or bi)

1. with

   بخرد ― intelligent (literally, “with intelligence”)

2. at; in
3. to; into
4. for; because of

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “ب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 229
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 313

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Pahari-Potwari alphabet, called بے (be) and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Shahmukhi script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, ࣇ, م, ن, ݨ, ں, و, ہ, ھ, ء, ی, ے ^[edit]

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Pashto alphabet, called بي and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ټ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, څ, ځ, د, ډ, ذ, ر, ړ, ز, ژ, ږ, س, ش, ښ, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, ګ, ل, م, ن, ڼ, ں, و, ه, ۀ, ي, ې, ی, ۍ, ئ ^[edit]

• (phoneme, all dialects) IPA^(key): /b/
  • (Early Classical Persian, after a vowel) IPA^(key): [β]
  • (Early Classical Persian, between vowels) IPA^(key): [β], [w]
    • The phonemes /b/ and /w/ were not strongly distinguished inter-vocally until late Classical Persian.
• (letter name)
  • (Classical Persian, Dari) IPA^(key): /bɑː/, /beː/
  • (Iran) IPA^(key): /bɒː/, /be/

    • Audio (Iran):

      (file)

  • (Tajik) IPA^(key): /bɔː/, /beː/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Persian alphabet, called به or بِ and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters: حروف (horuf) (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, و, ه, ی ^[edit]

• Gurmukhi letter: ਬ (babbā)

From the Perso-Arabic letter ب (bē), from the Arabic letter ب (bāʔ).

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Punjabi alphabet, called بے (be) and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Shahmukhi script letters: اکّھر (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, ࣇ, م, ن, ݨ, ں, ہ, و, ی, ے ^[edit]

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Sindhi alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters: اکر (akharu) (script appendix): ا, ب, ٻ, ڀ, ت, ٿ, ٽ, ٺ, ث, پ, ج, ڄ, جھ, ڃ, چ, ڇ, ح, خ, د, ڌ, ڏ, ڊ, ڍ, ذ, ر, ڙ, ڙھ, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ڦ, ق, ڪ, ک, گ, ڳ, گھ, ڱ, ل, م, ن, ڻ, و, ه, ء, ي ^[edit]

From Arabic بِ (bi).

• IPA^(key): /bi/, [bi]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

بـ • (bi-)

1. in, at, on

   Synonym: في (fi)

2. with, by means of

   Synonym: في (fi)

بـ • (b-)

1. prefix indicating the present tense

From Arabic بِ (bi).

ب (b)

1. with

   نحب قهوة بالحليب ― nḥib qahwa b-li-ḥlīb ― I like coffee with milk

   ترعش بالخوف ― turʕuš bi-l-ḵūf ― She is shaking with fear

• (letter name): (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme): (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Urdu alphabet, called بے (be) and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Arabic script letters: حُرُوف (hurūf) (script appendix): ا (آ, أ, إ), ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, ں, ہ, ھ, و, ی, ے, ء (ئ, ؤ, هٔ, أ, إ), ◌ٰ ^[edit]

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب • (b)

1. The third letter of the Uyghur alphabet, called بە (be) and written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Previous letter: ئە (e)
• Next letter: پ (p)

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /bi/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Yoruba alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

• Previous letter: ا
• Next letter: د