गुप्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- গুপ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬕᬸᬧ᭄ (Balinese script)
- গুপ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰲𑰢𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑀼𑀧𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ဂုပ် (Burmese script)
- ગુપ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਗੁਪ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑍁𑌪𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦒꦸꦥ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑂳𑂣𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಗುಪ್ (Kannada script)
- គុប៑ (Khmer script)
- ຄຸປ຺ (Lao script)
- ഗുപ് (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᡠᢒ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘳𑘢𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠤᢒ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧔𑧂𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑐸𑐥𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଗୁପ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢔꢸꢦ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆶𑆥𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖲𑖢𑖿 (Siddham script)
- ගුප් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞𑩒𑩰 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚰𑚞𑚶 (Takri script)
- கு³ப் (Tamil script)
- గుప్ (Telugu script)
- คุปฺ (Thai script)
- གུ་པ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒳𑒣𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑨃𑨞𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Sanskrit गोपा (gopā)
Sanskrit गुप् (gup)
Back-formation from गोपा (gopā́, “protector of cows; protector, guardian”), whence also गोपायति (gopāyáti, “to guard”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡup/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɡup/
Root
गुप् • (gup)
Derived terms
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root गुप् (0 c, 8 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root गुप् (3 c, 0 e)
- Primary Verbal Forms
- गोप्स्यति (gopsyáti) (Future)
- गोपिष्यति (gopiṣyáti) (Future)
- गोप्ता (goptā́) (Periphrastic Future)
- गोपिता (gopitā́) (Periphrastic Future)
- अगौप्सीत् (ágaupsīt) (Aorist)
- अगोपीत् (ágopīt) (Aorist)
- जुगोप (jugópa) (Perfect)
- Secondary Forms
- Non-Finite Forms
- Derived Nominal Forms
Adjective
गुप् • (gup) stem
- (at the end of a compound) defending, protecting
- धर्म (dharma, “law, morality”) + गुप् (gup) → धर्मगुप् (dharmagup, “protecting or observing the law”)
- being on one's guard or preserving one's self from
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गुप् (gup) | गुपौ (gupau) गुपा¹ (gupā¹) |
गुपः (gupaḥ) |
| accusative | गुपम् (gupam) | गुपौ (gupau) गुपा¹ (gupā¹) |
गुपः (gupaḥ) |
| instrumental | गुपा (gupā) | गुब्भ्याम् (gubbhyām) | गुब्भिः (gubbhiḥ) |
| dative | गुपे (gupe) | गुब्भ्याम् (gubbhyām) | गुब्भ्यः (gubbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गुपः (gupaḥ) | गुब्भ्याम् (gubbhyām) | गुब्भ्यः (gubbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गुपः (gupaḥ) | गुपोः (gupoḥ) | गुपाम् (gupām) |
| locative | गुपि (gupi) | गुपोः (gupoḥ) | गुप्सु (gupsu) |
| vocative | गुप् (gup) | गुपौ (gupau) गुपा¹ (gupā¹) |
गुपः (gupaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गुप् (gup) | गुपौ (gupau) गुपा¹ (gupā¹) |
गुपः (gupaḥ) |
| accusative | गुपम् (gupam) | गुपौ (gupau) गुपा¹ (gupā¹) |
गुपः (gupaḥ) |
| instrumental | गुपा (gupā) | गुब्भ्याम् (gubbhyām) | गुब्भिः (gubbhiḥ) |
| dative | गुपे (gupe) | गुब्भ्याम् (gubbhyām) | गुब्भ्यः (gubbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गुपः (gupaḥ) | गुब्भ्याम् (gubbhyām) | गुब्भ्यः (gubbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गुपः (gupaḥ) | गुपोः (gupoḥ) | गुपाम् (gupām) |
| locative | गुपि (gupi) | गुपोः (gupoḥ) | गुप्सु (gupsu) |
| vocative | गुप् (gup) | गुपौ (gupau) गुपा¹ (gupā¹) |
गुपः (gupaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गुप् (gup) | गुपी (gupī) | गुम्पि (gumpi) |
| accusative | गुप् (gup) | गुपी (gupī) | गुम्पि (gumpi) |
| instrumental | गुपा (gupā) | गुब्भ्याम् (gubbhyām) | गुब्भिः (gubbhiḥ) |
| dative | गुपे (gupe) | गुब्भ्याम् (gubbhyām) | गुब्भ्यः (gubbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गुपः (gupaḥ) | गुब्भ्याम् (gubbhyām) | गुब्भ्यः (gubbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गुपः (gupaḥ) | गुपोः (gupoḥ) | गुपाम् (gupām) |
| locative | गुपि (gupi) | गुपोः (gupoḥ) | गुप्सु (gupsu) |
| vocative | गुप् (gup) | गुपी (gupī) | गुम्पि (gumpi) |
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “गुप्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 358, column 3.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “गुप्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 37
- Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “गुप्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “GOP”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 499-500