सिंह

See also: साही, सही, सह, सेही, and सौंह

Hindi

Alternative forms

सिंघ (siṅgh)

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सिंह (siṃha).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /sɪŋɡʱ/, [sɪ̃ŋɡʱ]

Noun

सिंह • (siṅh) m (feminine सिंहनी, Urdu spelling سنہ)

lion
(astronomy) The constellation Leo
(astrology) A Leo

Declension

Declension of *सिंह* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	सिंह siṅh	सिंह siṅh
oblique	सिंह siṅh	सिंहों siṅhõ
vocative	सिंह siṅh	सिंहो siṅho

Synonyms

शेर (śer)

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सिंह (siṃha). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘭𑘲𑘽𑘮𑘰𑘚𑘰 (sīṃhāḍā, “lion”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siu.ɦə/
Hyphenation: सिं‧ह
Rhymes: -ə

Noun

सिंह • (siuha) m

lion
Synonym: केसरी (kesrī)
(astrology) the zodiacal sign Leo or its lagna
(astronomy) the constellation Leo
(figuratively) hero, an eminent person

Declension

Declension of सिंह (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	सिंह siuha
direct plural	सिंह siuha
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	सिंह siuha	सिंह siuha
oblique सामान्यरूप	सिंहा siuhā	सिंहां- siuhān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	सिंहाला siuhālā	सिंहांना siuhānnā
ergative	सिंहाने, सिंहानं siuhāne, siuhāna	सिंहांनी siuhānnī
instrumental	सिंहाशी siuhāśī	सिंहांशी siuhānśī
locative सप्तमी	सिंहात siuhāt	सिंहांत siuhāt
vocative संबोधन	सिंहा siuhā	सिंहांनो siuhānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of सिंह (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	सिंहाचा siuhāċā	सिंहाचे siuhāċe	सिंहाची siuhācī	सिंहाच्या siuhācā	सिंहाचे, सिंहाचं siuhāċe, siuhāċa	सिंहाची siuhācī	सिंहाच्या siuhācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	सिंहांचा siuhānċā	सिंहांचे siuhānċe	सिंहांची siuhāñcī	सिंहांच्या siuhāncā	सिंहांचे, सिंहांचं siuhānċe, siuhānċa	सिंहांची siuhāñcī	सिंहांच्या siuhāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “सिंह”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “सिंहाडा”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Nepali

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सिंह (siṃha).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [siŋɦʌ], [sĩɦʌ]
Phonetic Devanagari: सिङ्ह, or सिंहअ

Noun

सिंह • (siṅha)

lion
(astronomy) The constellation Leo
(astrology) A Leo

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

সিংহ (Assamese script)
ᬲᬶᬂᬳ (Balinese script)
সিংহ (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰰𑰽𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳 (Brahmi script)
သိံဟ (Burmese script)
સિંહ (Gujarati script)
ਸਿਂਹ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑌿𑌂𑌹 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦶꦁꦲ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂱𑂁𑂯 (Kaithi script)
ಸಿಂಹ (Kannada script)
សិំហ (Khmer script)
ສິໍຫ (Lao script)
സിംഹ (Malayalam script)
ᢀ᠋ᠰ᠌ᡳᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘱𑘽𑘮 (Modi script)
ᢀ᠋ᠰᠢᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑧒𑧞𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐶𑑄𑐴 (Newa script)
ସିଂହ (Odia script)
ꢱꢶꢀꢲ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆴𑆁𑆲 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖰𑖽𑖮 (Siddham script)
සිංහ (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑩑𑪖𑪂 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚮𑚫𑚩 (Takri script)
ஸிஂஹ (Tamil script)
సింహ (Telugu script)
สิํห (Thai script)
སིཾ་ཧ (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒱𑓀𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨁𑨸𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sinźʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sinȷ́ʰás, from dialectal Proto-Indo-European *sinǵʰós, ultimately a borrowing from a Central Asian substrate language. Cognate with Old Armenian ինձ (inj).

Pronunciation

(Rigveda) IPA^(key): /sin.ɦɐ́/, /sĩ.ɦɐ́/
(Yajurveda chanting) IPA^(key): /si.ɡm̩.ɦɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ĩ.ɦɐ/

Noun

सिंह • (siṃhá) stem, m

lion
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.83.3:
  र॒थीव॒ कश॒याश्वाँ॑ अभिक्षि॒पन्ना॒विर्दू॒तान्कृ॑णुते व॒र्ष्याँ॒३॒॑ अह॑ ।
  दू॒रात्सिं॒हस्य॑ स्त॒नथा॒ उदी॑रते॒ यत्प॒र्जन्यः॑ कृणु॒ते व॒र्ष्यं१॒॑ नभः॑ ॥
  rathī́va káśayā́śvām̐ abhikṣipánnāvírdūtā́nkṛṇute varṣyā̀m̐ áha.
  dūrā́tsiṃhásya stanáthā údīrate yátparjányaḥ kṛṇuté varṣyàṃ nábhaḥ.
  Like a car-driver whipping on his horses, he makes the messengers of rain spring forward.
  The roaring of the lion resounds from far when Parjanya fills the sky with rain-cloud.
(astrology) the zodiacal sign Leo or its lagna
hero, eminent person
a particular form of temple
a particular place prepared for the building of a house
a Moringa with red flowers
(music) a kind of tune
the symbol or emblem of the 24th arhat of the present avasarpini

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सिंह
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सिंहः (siṃháḥ)	सिंहौ (siṃhaú) सिंहा¹ (siṃhā́¹)	सिंहाः (siṃhā́ḥ) सिंहासः¹ (siṃhā́saḥ¹)
accusative	सिंहम् (siṃhám)	सिंहौ (siṃhaú) सिंहा¹ (siṃhā́¹)	सिंहान् (siṃhā́n)
instrumental	सिंहेन (siṃhéna)	सिंहाभ्याम् (siṃhā́bhyām)	सिंहैः (siṃhaíḥ) सिंहेभिः¹ (siṃhébhiḥ¹)
dative	सिंहाय (siṃhā́ya)	सिंहाभ्याम् (siṃhā́bhyām)	सिंहेभ्यः (siṃhébhyaḥ)
ablative	सिंहात् (siṃhā́t)	सिंहाभ्याम् (siṃhā́bhyām)	सिंहेभ्यः (siṃhébhyaḥ)
genitive	सिंहस्य (siṃhásya)	सिंहयोः (siṃháyoḥ)	सिंहानाम् (siṃhā́nām)
locative	सिंहे (siṃhé)	सिंहयोः (siṃháyoḥ)	सिंहेषु (siṃhéṣu)
vocative	सिंह (síṃha)	सिंहौ (síṃhau) सिंहा¹ (síṃhā¹)	सिंहाः (síṃhāḥ) सिंहासः¹ (síṃhāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Derived terms

सिंहकेसर (siṃhakesara)
सिंहदंष्ट्र (siṃhadaṃṣṭra)
सिंहद्वार (siṃhadvāra)
सिंहपुर (siṃhapura)
सिंहबल (siṃhabala)
सिंहवाहिनी (siṃhavāhinī)
सिंहाचल (siṃhācala)
सिंहावलोकन (siṃhāvalokana)
सिंहासन (siṃhāsana)
सिंहास्य (siṃhāsya)
सिंहिका (siṃhikā)

Descendants

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀻𑀳 (sīha)
Kashmiri: सॖह (sụh)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀰𑀺𑀁𑀳 (śiṃha)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀻𑀳 (sīha), 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀖 (siṃgha), 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳 (siṃha)
- Old Marathi: 𑘭𑘲𑘽𑘮𑘰𑘚𑘰 (sīṃhāḍā)
Pali: sīha
- → Burmese: သိဟ် (sih), သီဟ (siha.) (learned)
- → Khmer: សីហា (səyhaa), សីហៈ (səyhaʼ) (learned)
- → Shan: သီႇႁႃႉ (sìi hâ̰a) (learned)
- → Thai: สีห์ (sǐi), สีหะ (learned)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀖 (siṃgha)
- Old Hindi:
  - Hindi: सिंघ (siṅgh), سنگھ (siṅgh)
- Punjabi: ਸਿੰਘ (siṅgh)
→ Assamese: সিংহ (xiṅho)
- → Karbi: hingho
- → Mising: ইংগ (iṅgo)
→ Bengali: সিংহ (śiṅho)
- → Kokborok: singho
- → Garo: singho
→ Bhojpuri: सिंह (sinh)
→ Bishnupriya Manipuri: সিংহ
→ Gondi: చిహొ (ciho)
→ Gujarati: સિંહ (sĩh)
→ Hindi: सिंह (sĩh), سنہ (siṅh)
→ Kannada: ಸಿಂಹ (siṃha)
→ Lao: ສິງ (sing)
→ Lü: ᦉᦲᧂ (ṡiing)
→ Classical Malay: [Term?]
- Malay: singa
  - → Bau Bidayuh: singa
  - → Central Melanau: singa
  - > Indonesian: singa (inherited)
    - → Nalca: singa
  - → Maranao: singa
→ Malayalam: സിംഹം (siṁhaṁ), ചിങ്ങം (ciṅṅaṁ)
- → Malavedan: ചിമുകം (cimukaṁ)
→ Marathi: सिंह (siuha)
→ Nepali: सिंह (siṅha)
→ Old Javanese: [script needed] (siṅha)
- Javanese: ꦱꦶꦔ (singa)
- → Sundanese: ᮞᮤᮍ (singa)
→ Old Khmer: សិង្ហ (siṅha), សិង៑ (siṅ)
- Khmer: សិង្ហ (sənghɑɑ), សឹង្ហ (səng)
→ Odia: ସିଂହ (siṁha)
→ Sinhalese: සිංහයා (siṁhayā)
→ Tamil: சிங்கம் (ciṅkam), சிம்மம் (cimmam), சிம்ஹம் (cimham)
→ Telugu: సింహము (siṁhamu)
→ Thai: สิงห์ (sǐng)
→ Tibetan: སེངྒེ (sengge)
→ Tulu: ಸಿಂಹ (siṃha)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “सिंह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1213, column 1.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 727

Zodiac signs in Marathi · रास (rās) (layout · text)
मेष (meṣ)	वृषभ (vruṣabh)	मिथुन (mithun)	कर्क (karka)
सिंह (siuha)	कन्या (kanyā)	तूळ (tūḷ)	वृश्चिक (vruścik)
धनु (dhanu)	मकर (makar)	कुंभ (kumbha)	मीन (mīn)

Zodiac signs in Nepali · राशि (rāśi) (layout · text)
मेष (meṣ)	वृष (vr̥ṣ)	मिथुन (mithuna)	कर्कट (karkaṭ)
सिंह (siṅha)	कन्या (kanyā)	तुला (tulā)	वृश्चिक (vr̥ścik)
धनु (dhanu)	मकर (makar)	कुम्भ (kumbha)	मीन (mīna)

Zodiac signs in Sanskrit · राशिचक्र (rāśicakra) (layout · text)
मेष (meṣa)	वृषभ (vṛṣabha)	मिथुन (mithuna)	कर्कटक (karkaṭaka)
सिंह (siṃha)	कन्या (kanyā)	तुला (tulā)	वृश्चिक (vṛścika)
धनु (dhanu)	मकर (makara)	कुम्भ (kumbha)	मीन (mīna)

Hindi

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

Further reading

Marathi

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

See also

References

Nepali

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

References