傀儡
Chinese
phonetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (傀儡) | 傀 | 儡 | |
simp. #(傀儡) | 傀 | 儡 | |
alternative forms |
Etymology
From 塊/块 (kuài, “chunk, lump”) + 壘/垒 (lěi, “to pile up, to accumulate”).
Semantically, “statues made of soil and timber” (Liezi) > “puppet” > “(figurative) puppet” (Qing Dynasty); also “sulks; pent-up sorrow” (Qing Dynasty).
Alternatively, Laufer connects this word with Turkish kukla (“puppet”), Ancient Greek κούκλα (koúkla, “doll, puppet”) in Oriental Theatricals.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: kuǐlěi [Phonetic: kuílěi]
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟˇ ㄌㄟˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kuěilěi
- Wade–Giles: kʻuei3-lei3
- Yale: kwěi-lěi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koeileei
- Palladius: куйлэй (kujlɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: faai3 leoi5
- Yale: faai léuih
- Cantonese Pinyin: faai3 loey5
- Guangdong Romanization: fai3 lêu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /faːi̯³³ lɵy̯¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khúi-lúi
- Tâi-lô: khuí-luí
- Phofsit Daibuun: quyluie
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lui⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-lé
- Tâi-lô: ka-lé
- Phofsit Daibuun: kalea
- IPA (Singapore): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² le⁴²/
- IPA (Taipei): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² le⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-lér
- Tâi-lô: ka-lér
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ka³³ lə⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
Noun
傀儡
- puppet; marionette
- Synonym: 木偶 (mù'ǒu)
- (figurative) puppet; someone who is manipulated by another; pawn; minion
- (dialectal Eastern Min) child; kid
- (Internet) sock puppet (alternative pseudonymous online account, especially one used for abuse)
Synonyms
- (child; kid):
Dialectal synonyms of 小孩 (“child; kid”) [map]
Derived terms
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: guīlěi
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ ㄌㄟˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gueilěi
- Wade–Giles: kuei1-lei3
- Yale: gwēi-lěi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gueileei
- Palladius: гуйлэй (gujlɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Noun
傀儡
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
傀 | 儡 |
くぐつ | |
Hyōgai | Hyōgai |
jukujikun |
Perhaps cognate with 裹 (kugutsu, “hand bag”). Wandering artisans would put their puppets in hand bags while traveling. Also compare Korean 꼭두 (kkokdu, “phantom”).
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) くぐつ [kúꜜgùtsù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) くぐつ [kùgútsú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA(key): [kɯ̟ɡɯ̟t͡sɨ]
Noun
傀儡 • (kugutsu)
- a puppet
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, pages 39-40:
- 機関 木人 久々都
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (historical) clipping of 傀儡回し (kugutsumawashi, “wandering street puppeteer”)
- (by extension) a puppeteer
- Synonym: 傀儡子 (kugutsushi)
- (Can we verify(+) this sense?) a geisha
- a prostitute; a female puppeteer who engages in prostitution
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:娼婦
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
傀 | 儡 |
かい Hyōgai |
らい Hyōgai |
kan'on |
/kwairai/ > /kairai/.
Pronunciation
Noun
傀儡 • (kairai) ←くわいらい (kwairai)?
- a puppet
- Synonym: 操り人形 (ayatsuri ningyō)
- (by extension) (figurative) a puppet
- 傀儡政権
- kairai seiken
- a puppet government
- 傀儡政権
- clipping of 傀儡師 (kairaishi, “puppetmaster”)
Derived terms
References
- Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
傀 | 儡 |
Noun
傀儡 • (goeroe) (hangeul 괴뢰)