円

円 (Kangxi radical 13, 冂+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 月卜 (BY) or 月中一 (BLM), composition ⿵冂丄 or ⿵冂亠)

• 靑, 𦱫, 𣪗

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 128, character 35
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1513
• Dae Jaweon: page 289, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 96, character 18
• Unihan data for U+5186

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 円(えん) (en).

円

1. synonym of 日元 (rìyuán, “Japanese yen”)

Japanese simplification of 圓, via a simplified character similar to 𠮚.^[1]

Specifically, starting in the beginning of the Meiji period, the 員 in the middle of the character was abbreviated to 丨 in handwriting. As time went on, the bottom stroke of 囗 gradually rose, until by the time of the adoption of the shinjitai characters, it had reached or even surpassed the box's centre.

(First grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 圓)

1. circle
2. yen

• Go-on: えん (en, Jōyō)^{←ゑん (wen, historical)}
• Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)^{←ゑん (wen, historical)}
• Kun: つぶら (tsubura, 円ら)、つぶらか (tsuburaka, 円らか)、まと (mato)、まどか (madoka, 円か)、まどやか (madoyaka, 円やか)、まる (maru, 円)、まるい (marui, 円い, Jōyō)、まるめる (marumeru, 円める)、まろ (maro, 円)、まろい (maroi, 円い)、まろかす (marokasu, 円かす)、まろかる (marokaru, 円かる)、まろぐ (marogu, 円ぐ)、まろむ (maromu, 円む)、まろめる (maromeru, 円める)、まろやか (maroyaka, 円やか)、まろらか (maroraka, 円らか)
• Nanori: つぶら (tsubura)、のぶ (nobu)、まどか (madoka)、みつ (mitsu)

• 円(まど)居(い) (madoi)

/wen/ → /eɴ/

From Middle Chinese 圓 (MC zjwen|hjwen), with the original sense of "circle, roundness".

The yen sense came much later in the Meiji period, from Chinese 圓 / 圆 (yuán), itself from 銀圓 / 银圆 (yínyuán, “round silver object(s), especially a piece of eight”). Compare Chinese 元 (yuán, “yuan”) and Korean 원 (won, “Korean won”). Doublet of 元 (gen, “yuan (Chinese currency)”), ユアン (yuan, “yuan (Chinese currency)”), and ウォン (won, “won (Korean currency)”).

The yen became the official currency of Japan in 1871, succeeding the 両 (ryō) and the 文 (mon).

• (Tokyo) えん [éꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ẽ̞ɴ]

円(えん) • (en) ^{←ゑん (wen)?}

1. a round or circular object; a circle; roundness
2. (mathematics) circle (set of all points in plane at a given distance and at a given point)

   Synonym: 円周 (enshū)

3. yen

   one yen is equal to 100 銭 (sen)

   Synonym: 円貨 (enka)

   • 1989 November 10 [1988 May 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “ミニチュア製造カメラ [Miniature-Generating Camera]”, in 征地球論 [A Debate over Conquering Earth] (藤子・Ｆ・不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 3), 2nd edition, volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第二章, page 322:

     一(いち)億(おく)円(えん)⁉いらん帰(かえ)れ

     Ichioku-en⁉ Iran kaere

     100 million yen!? Get outta here!

     一(いっ)千(せん)万(まん)円(えん)でいい　百(ひゃく)万(まん)円(えん)！十(じゅう)万(まん)円(えん)！一(いち)万(まん)円(えん)！

     Issenman-en de ii Hyakuman-en! Jūman-en! Ichiman-en!

     Okay, 10 million yen then. 1 million! 100,000! 10,000!

• → Chinese: 円
• → English: yen
  • → Vietnamese: yên
• → French: yen
• → German: Yen
• → Greek: γιεν (gien)
• → Korean: 엔 (en)
• → Portuguese: iene
• → Russian: иена (ijena)
• → Thai: เยน (yeen)

• ¥

円(えん) • (en) ^{←ゑん (wen)?}

1. circular; round
2. smooth; harmonious
3. yen: the official currency of Japan

円(えん) • (En) ^{←ゑん (Wen)?}

1. a surname
2. a female given name

⟨maro₂⟩ → /maro/

From Old Japanese.

円(まろ) • (maro) 

1. (archaic) alternative spelling of 丸 (“roundness, plumpness”)

/maro/ → /maru/

Sound shift from maro above.

• (Tokyo) まる [màrú] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ma̠ɾɯ̟]

円(まる) • (maru) 

1. alternative spelling of 丸 (“circle”)

円(まる) • (maru-) 

1. alternative spelling of 丸: prefix to numbers remaining constant
2. alternative spelling of 丸: prefix to noun to mean an object is completely in that noun

円(まる) • (Maru) 

1. a unisex given name

Various nanori readings.

円(のどか) or 円(つぶら) or 円(まどか) or 円(まろか) or 円(みつ) or 円(めぐる) • (Nodoka or Tsubura or Madoka or Maroka or Mitsu or Meguru) 

1. a female given name

円(つぶら) or 円(つむら) or 円(まどか) or 円(まとめ) • (Tsubura or Tsumura or Madoka or Matome) 

1. a surname

   円(つむら)谷(や) (tsumuraya)

円(まろし) • (Maroshi) 

1. a unisex given name

円 (eum 엔 (en))

1. hanja for names^[1][2]

This is the only character whose pronunciation is from modern Japanese, not from Classical Chinese.

円: Hán Nôm readings: viên

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.