堀

堀 U+5800, 堀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5800
← 埿
[U+57FF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 堁 →
[U+5801]

Translingual

Han character

堀 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土尸山山 (GSUU), four-corner 47172, composition ⿰土屈)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 231, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5205
  • Dae Jaweon: page 468, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 459, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5800

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 堀

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 堀
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (出) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
聉 *r̥ʰuːlʔ, *ŋrɯd, *ʔr'uːd, *ŋruːd
贅 *kljods
祟 *sqʰluds
出 *kʰljuds, *kʰljud
茁 *ʔl'ɯd, *skruːd, *skrod, *skrud
欪 *qʰlɯd, *l̥ʰud
貀 *ŋr'uːd
袦 *ŋr'oːd
咄 *ʔl'oːd, *ʔl'uːd
柮 *sɡloːd, *ʔl'uːd
拙 *kljod
炪 *kljod, *l̥ʰud
掘 *ɡlod, *ɡlud
鈯 *l'uːd
啒 *kluːd, *qʰluːd
淈 *kluːd, *ɡluːd
窟 *kʰluːd
泏 *kʰluːd, *ʔl'ud
堀 *kʰluːd, *ɡlud
胐 *kʰluːd
窋 *ʔl'ud
絀 *ʔl'ud
黜 *l̥ʰud
屈 *klud, *kʰlud
趉 *klud
鶌 *klud
詘 *kʰlud
倔 *ɡlud
崛 *ɡlud, *ŋɡlud

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 堀 堀
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 物 (60) 沒 (56)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III I
Fanqie 衢物切 苦骨切
Baxter gjut khwot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡɨut̚/ /kʰuət̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡiut̚/ /kʰuot̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡiuət̚/ /kʰuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/gut̚/ /kʰwət̚/
Li
Rong 		/ɡiuət̚/ /kʰuət̚/
Wang
Li 		/ɡĭuət̚/ /kʰuət̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/gi̯uət̚/ /kʰuət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jú ku
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gwat6 fat1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 堀
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		kū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khwot ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[kʰ]ˁut/
English hole

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 堀 堀
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 1567 1587
Phonetic
component 		出 出
Rime
group 		物 物
Rime
subdivision 		2 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		窟 倔
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰluːd/ /*ɡlud/

Definitions

堀

  1. (literary) alternative form of 窟 (kū, “cavity; cave; hole”)
  2. (literary) to bore a hole
Compounds
  • 堀堁

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 堀 – see 掘 (“to dig”).
(This character is an obsolete form of 掘).

References

Japanese

Alternative forms

Kanji

堀

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

  • On (unclassified): くつ (kutsu)
  • Kun: ほり (hori, 堀, Jōyō)、ほる (horu)、あな (ana, 堀)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
堀
ほり
Grade: S
kun'yomi

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 掘る (horu, “to dig”).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ほり [hòríꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ho̞ɾʲi]

Noun

堀(ほり) • (hori) 

  1. ditch, canal
  2. moat

Derived terms

Proper noun

堀(ほり) • (Hori) 

  1. a surname

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

堀 (eum 굴 (gul))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

堀: Hán Nôm readings: quật

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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