志士

Chinese

		the will	scholar; warrior; knight
simp. and trad. (志士)		志	士

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhìshì

(Zhuyin): ㄓˋ ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi³ si⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chì-sū / chì-sǐr

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhìshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhshìh
  - Wade–Giles: chih⁴-shih⁴
  - Yale: jr̀-shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhshyh
  - Palladius: чжиши (čžiši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    志士
    智士
    智識 / 智识
    治世
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi³ si⁶
  - Yale: ji sih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi³ si⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji³ xi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³³ siː²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì-sū
  - Tâi-lô: tsì-sū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciesu
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡si¹¹⁻⁵³ su³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡si²¹⁻⁵³ su²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si²¹⁻⁴¹ su³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì-sǐr
  - Tâi-lô: tsì-sǐr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ²²/

Middle Chinese: tsyiH dzriX

Rime
Character	志	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	職吏切	鉏里切
Baxter	tsyiH	dzriX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨ^H/	/d͡ʒɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕɨ^H/	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕie^H/	/d͡ʒie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cɨ^H/	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^X/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiə^H/	/d͡ʒiə^X/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭə^H/	/d͡ʒĭə^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi^H/	/ɖ͡ʐʱi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi³	zi⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tə-s [m-s-]rəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjɯs zrɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	志	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhì	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyi^H ›	‹ dzri^X ›
Old Chinese	/*tə-s/	/*[m-s-]rəʔ/
English	goal, intention, aspiration	officer; gentleman
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	志	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17190	11511
Phonetic component	之	士
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	志	士
Old Chinese	/*tjɯs/	/*zrɯʔ/
Notes	說文之聲

Noun

志士

an idealist; visionary; person of ideals and integrity; man of high ambition
- 志士不忘在溝壑，勇士不忘喪其元。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  志士不忘在沟壑，勇士不忘丧其元。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Zhìshì bù wàng zài gōuhè, yǒngshì bù wàng sàng qí yuán. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

烈士 (lièshì)

Derived terms

仁人志士 (rénrénzhìshì)
志士仁人 (zhìshìrénrén)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (志士):

→ Japanese: 志士(しし) (shishi)
→ Korean: 지사(志士) (jisa)
→ Vietnamese: chí sĩ (志士)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
志	士
し Grade: 5	し Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しし [shíꜜshì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕiɕi]

Noun

志(し)士(し) • (shishi)

a person of principles, patriot

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
志	士

Noun

志士 • (jisa) (hangeul 지사)

hanja form^? of 지사 (“person of principles”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
志	士

Noun

志士

chữ Hán form of chí sĩ (“person of principles”)