擣

See also: 捣 and 𢭏

擣	U+64E3, 擣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64E3

← 擢
[U+64E2]

CJK Unified Ideographs

擤 →
[U+64E4]

Translingual

Traditional	擣
Shinjitai (extended)	𢭏
Simplified	捣

Han character

擣 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 手土弓戈 (QGNI), four-corner 5404₁, composition ⿰扌壽)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 459, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12853
Dae Jaweon: page 808, character 21
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1973, character 13
Unihan data for U+64E3

Chinese

trad.		擣/搗
simp.		捣
nonstandard simp.		𢭏
alternative forms		檮／梼𢷬𢶈𣚑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (壽) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
禱	tuːʔ, tuːs
擣	*tuːʔ
檮	tuːʔ, duː, *du
壔	*tuːʔ
懤	tuːʔ, du, *dus
濤	duː, duː
燾	duː, duːs
翿	duː, duːs
幬	duːs, du
儔	duːs, du
譸	*tu
籌	*du
疇	*du
躊	*du
燽	*du
薵	*du
魗	tʰjuʔ, dju
醻	*dju
壽	djuʔ, djus
璹	djuʔ, djuɡ
鑄	*tjos

Etymology

Perhaps cognate with Burmese ထု (htu., “to strike, to pound”). See also 觸 (OC *tʰjoɡ, “to butt, knock against”) for more (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dǎo (dao³)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dou²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dǎo
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dǎo
  - Wade–Giles: tao³
  - Yale: dǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dao
  - Palladius: дао (dao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: dou²
  - Yale: dóu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dou²
  - Guangdong Romanization: dou²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tou̯³⁵/

Middle Chinese: tawX

Rime
Character	擣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	都晧切
Baxter	tawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tɑu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/tɑu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/tɑu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/taw^X/
Li Rong	/tɑu^X/
Wang Li	/tɑu^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tɑu^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dou²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤuʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*tuːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	擣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ taw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁuʔ/
English	pound (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	擣
Reading #	1/1
No.	11679
Phonetic component	壽
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	倒
Old Chinese	/*tuːʔ/

Definitions

擣

to pound with a pestle; to smash; to beat with a stick
to strike; to attack

Compounds

憂心如擣 / 忧心如捣
批亢擣虛 / 批亢捣虚
擣包 / 捣包
擣虛 / 捣虚
擣虛撇抗 / 捣虚撇抗
擣衣 / 捣衣
白兔擣藥 / 白兔捣药

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	𢭏
Print standard	擣

Kanji

擣

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𢭏)

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Readings

Go-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kan-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: ちゅう (chū)^{←ちう (tiu, historical)}
Kun: つく (tsuku, 擣く)、うつ (utsu, 擣つ)、ふれる (fureru, 擣れる)

Korean

Hanja

擣 (eum 도 (do))

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Vietnamese

Han character

擣: Hán Nôm readings: đảo

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References

Nom Foundation