昧

See also: 味 and 眛

昧	U+6627, 昧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6627

← 昦
[U+6626]

CJK Unified Ideographs

昨 →
[U+6628]

Translingual

Han character

昧 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 日十木 (AJD), four-corner 6509₀, composition ⿰日未)

Derived characters

𮦠

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 493, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13846
Dae Jaweon: page 857, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1497, character 1
Unihan data for U+6627

Chinese

simp. and trad.		昧

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (未) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
寐	*mids
魅	*mrɯds
鬽	*mrɯds
昧	*mɯːds
妹	*mɯːds
眛	maːds, mɯːds
沬	maːds, hmɯːds, *mɯds
未	*mɯds
味	*mɯds
鮇	*mɯds
菋	*mɯds

Etymology 1

Related to 昒 (OC *hmɯːd, *mɯd, “dawn”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mèi (mei⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mui⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mi
Eastern Min (BUC): muôi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bōe / mūi / māi / bī

(Teochew, Peng'im): muê⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶me

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mèi
  - Wade–Giles: mei⁴
  - Yale: mèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mey
  - Palladius: мэй (mɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /meɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: mui⁶
  - Yale: muih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mui⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mui⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /muːi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mi
  - Hakka Romanization System: mi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /mi⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: muôi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mui²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bōe
  - Tâi-lô: buē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boe
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /bue²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bue⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mūi
  - Tâi-lô: muī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: mui
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /muĩ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /muĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: māi
  - Tâi-lô: māi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: mai
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /mãi³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /mãi²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bī
  - Tâi-lô: bī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bi
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /bi²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bi⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: muê⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: muĕ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mue³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶me
  - MiniDict: me^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³me
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /me²³/

Middle Chinese: mwojH

Rime
Character	昧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫佩切
Baxter	mwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/muoi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/muɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mwəj^H/
Li Rong	/muᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/muɒi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/muɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mui⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤ[u][t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*mɯːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	昧
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mèi
Middle Chinese	‹ mwoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁ[u][t]-s/
English	dusk; dark
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	昧
Reading #	1/1
No.	12913
Phonetic component	未
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	妹
Old Chinese	/*mɯːds/

Definitions

昧

ambiguous; unclear; equivocal
ignorant; stupid; foolish
to hide away; to conceal
(literary) dark; gloomy
(literary) twilight, dusk; dawn
(literary) to venture; to risk
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to violate
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to covet; to be greedy for
An ancient type of music in eastern tribes in ancient China.
A star.

Compounds

一昧 (yīmèi)
一行三昧
三昧 (sānmèi)
三昧真火
不揣冒昧 (bùchuǎimàomèi)
個中三昧 / 个中三昧
兼弱攻昧
冒昧 (màomèi)
冒昧從事 / 冒昧从事
冥昧
夷昧
幽昧
得其三昧
念佛三昧
愚昧 (yúmèi)
愚昧無知 / 愚昧无知
拾金不昧 (shíjīnbùmèi)
昏昧
昧下
昧信
昧地瞞天 / 昧地瞒天
昧地謾天 / 昧地谩天
昧己瞞心 / 昧己瞒心
昧心 (mèixīn)
昧心取利
昧心錢 / 昧心钱
昧旦 (mèidàn)
昧旦晨興 / 昧旦晨兴
昧昧
昧死
昧死以聞 / 昧死以闻
昧沒 / 昧没
昧爽
昧理
昧良心
昧行
昧谷
晦昧
晻昧 / 暗昧
暗昧 (ànmèi)
曖昧 / 暧昧 (àimèi)
朦昧執迷 / 朦昧执迷
檮昧 / 梼昧
沖昧 / 冲昧
法華三昧 / 法华三昧
濛昧 / 蒙昧
濛昧不清 / 蒙昧不清
瞞天昧地 / 瞒天昧地
瞞心昧己 / 瞒心昧己
瞞昧 / 瞒昧
矇昧 / 蒙昧 (méngmèi)
禍來神昧 / 祸来神昧
素昧平生 (sùmèipíngshēng)
素昧生平
聳昧 / 耸昧
至誠無昧 / 至诚无昧
般舟三昧 (bōzhōu sānmèi)
若昧平生
草昧 (cǎomèi)
茫昧
蒙昧 (méngmèi)
蒙昧無知 / 蒙昧无知
謾天昧地 / 谩天昧地
貪昧 / 贪昧
遊戲三昧 / 游戏三昧

Descendants

→ Proto-Tai: *mɯːtᴰ
- Thai: มืด (mʉ̂ʉt, “dark”)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wěn (wen³)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄣˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wěn
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǔn
  - Wade–Giles: wên³
  - Yale: wěn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woen
  - Palladius: вэнь (vɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wən²¹⁴/

Definitions

昧

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to cut; to sever

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mò (mo⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mò
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mò
  - Wade–Giles: mo⁴
  - Yale: mwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: moh
  - Palladius: мо (mo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Definitions

昧

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Used in person's names.

Japanese

Kanji

昧

(Jōyō kanji)

dark
foolish

Readings

Go-on: まい (mai, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ばい (bai)
Kun: くらい (kurai, 昧い)、むさぼる (musaboru, 昧る)

Korean

Hanja

昧 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

昧: Hán Nôm readings: muội, mội

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.