歐

See also: 欧

歐	U+6B50, 歐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B50

← 歏
[U+6B4F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

歑 →
[U+6B51]

Translingual

Japanese	欧
Simplified	欧
Traditional	歐

Han character

歐 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸口弓人 (SRNO), four-corner 7778₂, composition ⿰區欠)

Derived characters

𡂿䥲𤮥𥗄𧞨𰎼𰲊𰟱𲍨

Descendants

欧

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 571, character 27
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16185
Dae Jaweon: page 959, character 21
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2149, character 12
Unihan data for U+6B50

Chinese

trad.		歐
simp.		欧

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 歐
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (區) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
摳	kʰoː, kʰo
彄	*kʰoː
剾	kʰoː, qoː
謳	*qoː
歐	qoː, qoːʔ
區	qoː, kʰo
鷗	*qoː
甌	*qoː
漚	qoː, qoːs
瞘	*qoː
嘔	qoː, qoːʔ
櫙	*qoː
膒	*qoː
蓲	qoː, kʰu, qo, qos
醧	qoː, qas
鏂	*qoː
毆	*qoːʔ
塸	*qoːʔ
貙	*kʰl'o
樞	*kʰjo
驅	kʰo, kʰos
軀	*kʰo
嶇	*kʰo
鰸	*kʰo
敺	*kʰo
傴	*qoʔ
嫗	*qos
饇	*qos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qoː, *qoːʔ): phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 欠 (“to yawn; to exhale”) – to vomit (original form of 嘔).

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): ōu (ou¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄡ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ngou¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): au¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): eu¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): êu

(Hailu, HRS): eu^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): êu¹
Northern Min (KCR): é
Eastern Min (BUC): ĕu
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ao¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): au / o͘ / o / io

(Teochew, Peng'im): ao¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹eu
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ngou¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ou
  - Wade–Giles: ou¹
  - Yale: ōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ou
  - Palladius: оу (ou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ngou¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngou
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋəu⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: au¹
  - Yale: āu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: au¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: eo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐu̯⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: eu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /eu³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: êu
  - Hakka Romanization System: eu^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: eu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /eu̯²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: eu^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /eu⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: êu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /eu⁴⁴/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: é
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /e⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ĕu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɛu⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ao¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: au
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /au⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ao¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /au⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: au
  - Tâi-lô: au
  - Phofsit Daibuun: aw
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /au⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /au³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘
  - Tâi-lô: oo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: of
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɔ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o
  - Tâi-lô: o
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /o³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io
  - Tâi-lô: io
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioy
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /io⁴⁴/

Note:

au - vernacular (incl. surname);
o͘/o/io - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ao¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: au
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /au³³/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹eu
  - MiniDict: eu^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹eu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɤ⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ngou¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋəu̯³³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 歐
Mandarin	Beijing	/ou⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ou⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/nou²¹/
	Jinan	/ŋou²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ɣou²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ou²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ŋou²¹/
	Xining	/nɯ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/əu⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ou³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɤu⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ŋəu⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ŋəu⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ŋəu⁵⁵/ /əu⁵⁵/ 新
	Kunming	/əu⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/əɯ³¹/
	Hefei	/ʐɯ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɣəu¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ŋəu¹³/
	Hohhot	/ŋəu³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɤ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ɤ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ʔei³³/
	Wenzhou	/au³³/
Hui	Shexian	/niu³¹/ /ŋiu³¹/
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ŋəu³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ŋəɯ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ŋiɛu⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/eu⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/eu²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/ɐu⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɐu⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/ɐu⁵³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ɔ⁵⁵/ /au⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/eu⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/e⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/au³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ɔu²³/

Middle Chinese: 'uw

Rime
Character	歐
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏侯切
Baxter	'uw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔəu/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəu/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəw/
Li Rong	/ʔu/
Wang Li	/əu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	au¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qoː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	歐
Reading #	1/2
No.	10583
Phonetic component	區
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	謳
Old Chinese	/*qoː/

Definitions

歐

short for 歐羅巴／欧罗巴 (Ōuluóbā): Europe (a continent located west of Asia and north of Africa)
歐洲／欧洲 ― Ōuzhōu ― Europe

東歐／东欧 ― Dōng-Ōu ― Eastern Europe

歐化／欧化 ― ōuhuà ― to Europeanise
short for 歐盟／欧盟 (Ōuméng, “European Union”)
英歐關係／英欧关系 ― Yīng Ōu guānxì ― UK-EU relationship
short for 歐元／欧元 (ōuyuán, “euro”)
二十歐／二十欧 ― èrshí ōu ― twenty euros
short for 歐姆／欧姆 (ōumǔ, “ohm”)
alternative form of 謳 / 讴 (ōu, “to sing”)
alternative form of 毆 / 殴 (ōu, “to beat; to strike”)
a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 歐元 (“euro”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		歐元
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	歐元
Cantonese	Hong Kong	歐元, 歐羅, 歐
Southern Min	Xiamen	歐元
	Quanzhou	歐元
	Zhangzhou	歐元

Compounds

僕歐 / 仆欧 (pú'ōu)
北歐 / 北欧 (Běi-Ōu)
南歐 / 南欧 (Nán-Ōu)
印歐 / 印欧 (Yìn-Ōu)
大小歐陽 / 大小欧阳
東南歐 / 东南欧
東歐 / 东欧 (Dōng-Ōu)
東歐集團 / 东欧集团
歐亞 / 欧亚
歐亞大陸 / 欧亚大陆
歐佩克 / 欧佩克 (Ōupèikè)
歐元 / 欧元 (ōuyuán)
歐克 / 欧克 (ōukè)
歐冶子 / 欧冶子
歐冶鑄劍 / 欧冶铸剑
歐刀 / 欧刀
歐化 / 欧化 (ōuhuà)
歐吉桑 / 欧吉桑 (ōujísāng)
歐姆 / 欧姆 (ōumǔ)
歐妮 / 欧妮 (ōunī)
歐姆定律 / 欧姆定律 (Ōumǔ dìnglǜ)
歐尼 / 欧尼 (ōuní)
歐尼醬 / 欧尼酱 (ōuníjiàng)
歐巴 / 欧巴 (ōubā)
歐巴桑 / 欧巴桑 (ōubāsāng)
歐巴馬 / 欧巴马 (Ōubāmǎ)
歐市 / 欧市
歐廟 / 欧庙 (Ōumiào)
歐式 / 欧式 (Ōushì)
歐戰 / 欧战 (Ōuzhàn)
歐文 / 欧文 (Ōuwén)
歐普藝術 / 欧普艺术
歐李 / 欧李
歐歌 / 欧歌
歐母畫荻 / 欧母画荻 (ōu mǔ huàdí)
歐氏管 / 欧氏管 (ōushìguǎn)
歐洲 / 欧洲 (Ōuzhōu)
歐洲美元 / 欧洲美元
歐洲議會 / 欧洲议会 (Ōuzhōu Yìhuì)
歐羅巴州 / 欧罗巴州
歐美 / 欧美 (Ōu-Měi)
歐耳 / 欧耳
歐胡島 / 欧胡岛
歐虞體 / 欧虞体
歐裔 / 欧裔 (ōuyì)
歐遊 / 欧游 (Ōuyóu)
歐陽 / 欧阳 (Ōuyáng)
歐風 / 欧风
歐風美雨 / 欧风美雨 (ōufēngměiyǔ)
歐體 / 欧体
泛歐 / 泛欧
西歐 / 西欧 (Xī-Ōu)
西歐聯盟 / 西欧联盟
西歐集團 / 西欧集团

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 歐 – see 嘔 (“to vomit; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 嘔).

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02062
“歐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	欧
Kyūjitai	歐

Kanji

歐

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欧)

Europe (a continent located west of Asia and north of Africa)

Readings

Go-on: う (u)
Kan-on: おう (ō)
Kun: うたう (utau, 歐う)^{←うたふ (utafu, 歐ふ, historical)}、はく (haku, 歐く)

Korean

Etymology

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 우 (u) based on Middle Chinese 歐 (MC 'uw).

Historical readings

Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅮᇢ (Yale: qwuw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ku]
Phonetic hangul: [구]

Hanja

Wikisource

歐 (eumhun 구라파 구 (gurapa gu))

hanja form^? of 구 : Europe (a continent located west of Asia and north of Africa)

Compounds

구라파 (歐羅巴, gurapa)
구미 (歐美, gumi)
서구 (西歐, seogu)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

歐: Hán Nôm readings: âu

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