清白
See also: 淸白
Chinese
clear; distinct; complete clear; distinct; complete; pure |
white; empty; blank white; empty; blank; bright; clear; plain; pure; gratuitous | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (清白) | 清 | 白 | |
| simp. #(清白) | 清 | 白 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cing1 baak6
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): chheng-pia̍k / chheng-pe̍k / chheng-pe̍h
- (Teochew, Peng'im): cêng1 bêh8
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1chin-baq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qīngbái
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ ㄅㄞˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cingbái
- Wade–Giles: chʻing1-pai2
- Yale: chīng-bái
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chingbair
- Palladius: цинбай (cinbaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ paɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: cing1 baak6
- Yale: chīng baahk
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsing1 baak9
- Guangdong Romanization: qing1 bag6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ paːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-pha̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: qinˊ pag
- Hagfa Pinyim: qin1 pag6
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰak̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: cinˋ pagˋ
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵³ pʰak²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-pia̍k
- Tâi-lô: tshing-pia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhengpiak
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ piak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-pe̍k
- Tâi-lô: tshing-pi̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhengpek
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪk̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-pe̍h
- Tâi-lô: tshing-pe̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhengpeh
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ peʔ⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² peʔ⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cêng1 bêh8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsheng pe̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ peʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tshjeng baek
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsʰeŋ bˤrak/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰleŋ braːɡ/
Adjective
清白
- pure
- innocent
- (dialectal) unambiguous
References
- “清白”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 清 | 白 |
| せい Grade: 4 |
はく Grade: 1 |
| kan'on | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 淸白 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 清白 (MC tshjeng baek).
Pronunciation
Adjective
清白 • (seihaku) ←せいはく (seifaku)?-na (adnominal 清白な (seihaku na), adverbial 清白に (seihaku ni))
Inflection
Inflection of 清白
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 清白だろ | せいはくだろ | seihaku daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 清白で | せいはくで | seihaku de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 清白だ | せいはくだ | seihaku da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 清白な | せいはくな | seihaku na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 清白なら | せいはくなら | seihaku nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 清白であれ | せいはくであれ | seihaku de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 清白ではない 清白じゃない |
せいはくではない せいはくじゃない |
seihaku de wa nai seihaku ja nai |
| Informal past | 清白だった | せいはくだった | seihaku datta |
| Informal negative past | 清白ではなかった 清白じゃなかった |
せいはくではなかった せいはくじゃなかった |
seihaku de wa nakatta seihaku ja nakatta |
| Formal | 清白です | せいはくです | seihaku desu |
| Formal negative | 清白ではありません 清白じゃありません |
せいはくではありません せいはくじゃありません |
seihaku de wa arimasen seihaku ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 清白でした | せいはくでした | seihaku deshita |
| Formal negative past | 清白ではありませんでした 清白じゃありませんでした |
せいはくではありませんでした せいはくじゃありませんでした |
seihaku de wa arimasen deshita seihaku ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 清白で | せいはくで | seihaku de |
| Conditional | 清白なら(ば) | せいはくなら(ば) | seihaku nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 清白だったら | せいはくだったら | seihaku dattara |
| Volitional | 清白だろう | せいはくだろう | seihaku darō |
| Adverbial | 清白に | せいはくに | seihaku ni |
| Degree | 清白さ | せいはくさ | seihakusa |
Classical conjugation of "清白なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 清白なら | せいはくなら | seifakunara | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 清白に[1] 清白なり[2] |
せいはくに せいはくなり |
seifakuni seifakunari | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 清白なり | せいはくなり | seifakunari | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 清白なる | せいはくなる | seifakunaru | |
| Realis (已然形) | 清白なれ | せいはくなれ | seifakunare | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 清白なれ | せいはくなれ | seifakunare | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Negative | 清白ならず | せいはくならず | seifakunarazu | |
| Contrasting conjunction | 清白なれど | せいはくなれど | seifakunaredo | |
| Causal conjunction | 清白なれば | せいはくなれば | seifakunareba | |
| Conditional conjunction | 清白ならば | せいはくならば | seifakunaraba | |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 清白なりき | せいはくなりき | seifakunariki | |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 清白なりけり | せいはくなりけり | seifakunarikeri | |
| Adverbial | 清白に | せいはくに | seifakuni | |
| [1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. | ||||
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 清 | 白 |
| すず Grade: 4 |
しろ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 淸白 (kyūjitai) |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 清白 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 清白, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |