甕

See also: 瓮, 罋, and 𠂅

甕	U+7515, 甕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7515

← 甔
[U+7514]

CJK Unified Ideographs

甖 →
[U+7516]

Translingual

Han character

甕 (Kangxi radical 98, 瓦+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 卜女土弓 (YVGN), four-corner 0071₇, composition ⿱雍瓦)

Derived characters

𥗯, 𨇹, 𪗃

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 752, character 25
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21617
Dae Jaweon: page 1160, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1433, character 5
Unihan data for U+7515

Chinese

trad.		甕/瓮
simp.		瓮
alternative forms		罋

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (邕) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
郺	qoːŋʔ, qoŋ
齆	*qoːŋs
甕	*qoːŋs
罋	qoːŋs, qoŋ
雍	qoŋ, qoŋs
邕	*qoŋ
嗈	*qoŋ
灉	qoŋ, qoŋs
癰	*qoŋ
廱	*qoŋ
雝	*qoŋ
壅	qoŋ, qoŋʔ, *qoŋs
饔	*qoŋ
噰	*qoŋ
澭	*qoŋ
擁	qoŋ, qoŋʔ
臃	*qoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qoːŋs): phonetic 雍 (OC *qoŋ, *qoŋs) + semantic 瓦 (“earthenware”).

Etymology

Probably Sino-Tibetan (Unger, 1999; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔəw-ŋ (“pot; vat; jar”) provisionally.

Within Chinese, compare 甌 (OC *qoː, “small bowl; small cup”), 碗 (OC *qoːnʔ, “bowl”), 罌 (OC *qreːŋ, “earthen jar”), 盎 (OC *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs, “earthen jar”), 癰 (OC *qoŋ, “carbuncle; ulcer”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).

Also compare Tibetan གཞོང (gzhong, “basin; tub; bowl”), Lepcha ᰈᰨᰵᰕᰨ (joŋ-mo, “bucket, tub”), Proto-Loloish *ʔ-loŋ² (“pot”) (Unger, 1999).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wèng (weng⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄥˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ong⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): ung³
Eastern Min (BUC): áe̤ng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): àng / òng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wèng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wòng
  - Wade–Giles: wêng⁴
  - Yale: wèng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wenq
  - Palladius: вэн (vɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wəŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ong⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: weng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /oŋ²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ung³
  - Yale: ung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ung³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʊŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: áe̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔyŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àng / òng
  - Tâi-lô: àng / òng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: axng, oxng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /aŋ²¹/, /ɔŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /aŋ⁴¹/, /ɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /aŋ²¹/, /ɔŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /aŋ¹¹/, /ɔŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /aŋ²¹/, /ɔŋ²¹/

Note:

àng - vernacular (“urn; classifer”);
òng - literary.

Middle Chinese: 'uwngH

Rime
Character	甕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏貢切
Baxter	'uwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔuŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔuŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəwŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ʔuŋ^H/
Wang Li	/uŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔuŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ung³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤoŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*qoːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	甕
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wèng
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔuwng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*qˁoŋ-s/
English	earthen jar
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	甕
Reading #	1/1
No.	15401
Phonetic component	邕
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	瓮
Old Chinese	/*qoːŋs/
Notes	同見易

Definitions

甕

urn; pottery jar
(Hokkien) Classifier for earthenware jars, urns, and jugs.
a surname

Compounds

三百甕虀 / 三百瓮虀
人鮓甕 / 人鲊瓮
入甕 / 入瓮
土甕 / 土瓮
寶甕 / 宝瓮
忘機甕 / 忘机瓮
戛釜撞甕 / 戛釜撞瓮
打甕墩盆 / 打瓮墩盆
抱甕 / 抱瓮
抱甕灌圃 / 抱瓮灌圃
抱甕灌園 / 抱瓮灌园
提甕 / 提瓮
提甕出汲 / 提瓮出汲
擊甕 / 击瓮
擊甕圖 / 击瓮图
春甕 / 春瓮
桑樞甕牖 / 桑枢瓮牖
水甕 / 水瓮
漢陰抱甕 / 汉阴抱瓮
瀽甕番盆 / 瀽瓮番盆
玉甕 / 玉瓮
玉甕春 / 玉瓮春
瑤甕 / 瑶瓮
瓦甕 / 瓦瓮
甕下 / 瓮下
甕中之鱉 / 瓮中之鳖
甕中捉鱉 / 瓮中捉鳖 (wèngzhōngzhuōbiē)
甕人 / 瓮人
甕器 / 瓮器
甕圈兒 / 瓮圈儿
甕城 / 瓮城 (wèngchéng)
甕天 / 瓮天
甕天蠡海 / 瓮天蠡海
甕子 / 瓮子 (wèngzǐ)
甕子匠 / 瓮子匠 (wèngzǐjiàng)
甕子鍋 / 瓮子锅 (wèngzǐguō)
甕安 / 瓮安 (Wèng'ān)
甕洞兒 / 瓮洞儿
甕溢 / 瓮溢
甕牖 / 瓮牖
甕牖桑樞 / 瓮牖桑枢
甕牖繩樞 / 瓮牖绳枢
甕瓦 / 瓮瓦
甕盎 / 瓮盎
甕盡杯乾 / 瓮尽杯干
甕眠 / 瓮眠
甕算 / 瓮算
甕精 / 瓮精
甕罌 / 瓮罂
甕羹 / 瓮羹
甕聲甕氣 / 瓮声瓮气
甕聽 / 瓮听
甕菜 / 瓮菜
甕虀 / 瓮虀
甕裡醯雞 / 瓮里醯鸡
甕裏醯雞 / 瓮里醯鸡
甕計 / 瓮计
甕醅 / 瓮醅
甕鑑 / 瓮鉴
甕門 / 瓮门
甕間 / 瓮间
甕間吏部 / 瓮间吏部
甕闊 / 瓮阔
甕雞 / 瓮鸡
甕雷 / 瓮雷 (wèngléi)
甕頭 / 瓮头
甕頭春 / 瓮头春
甕頭清 / 瓮头清
甕頭醁 / 瓮头醁
甕頭香 / 瓮头香
甕鼻 / 瓮鼻
甕鼻頭 / 瓮鼻头
甕齏 / 瓮齑
畢甕 / 毕瓮
白米甕 / 白米瓮
盆傾甕倒 / 盆倾瓮倒
破甕 / 破瓮
繩樞甕牖 / 绳枢瓮牖
繭甕 / 茧瓮
蓬戶甕牖 / 蓬户瓮牖
蟻甕 / 蚁瓮
覆甕 / 覆瓮
覆酒甕 / 覆酒瓮 (fù jiǔwèng)
請先入甕 / 请先入瓮
請君入甕 / 请君入瓮 (qǐngjūnrùwèng)
酒甕 / 酒瓮 (jiǔwèng)
醅甕 / 醅瓮
醯甕 / 醯瓮
醯雞甕 / 醯鸡瓮
醯雞甕裡 / 醯鸡瓮里
釀甕 / 酿瓮
金甕 / 金瓮
銀甕 / 银瓮
鐵甕 / 铁瓮
鐵甕城 / 铁瓮城 (Tiě Wèngchéng)
飯囊酒甕 / 饭囊酒瓮
飯甕 / 饭瓮
鮓甕 / 鲊瓮

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02619
“甕”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

甕

(Hyōgai kanji)

jug, cistern

Readings

Go-on: う (u)
Kan-on: おう (ō)
Kun: かめ (kame, 甕)、みか (mika, 甕)、みかわ (mikawa, 甕)、もたい (motai, 甕)、たしらか (tashiraka, 甕)

Compounds

浅甕(さらけ) (sarake)
斎甕(ゆか) (yuka)
斎甕物(ゆかもの) (yukamono)
甕菜(ようさい) (yōsai)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
甕
かめ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
瓶

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かめ [kàméꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ka̠me̞]

Noun

甕(かめ) • (kame)

earthenware pot

Derived terms

合(あ)わせ口甕棺(ぐちかめかん) (awaseguchikamekan)
甕棺(かめかん) (kamekan)
甕(かめ)の蓋(ふた) (kame no futa)
こわれ甕(がめ) (kowaregame)
酒甕(さかがめ) (sakagame)
酢甕(すがめ) (sugame)
水甕(みずがめ) (mizugame)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
甕
みか Hyōgai
kun'yomi

御 (mi-, “honorific prefix”) +‎ か (ka, “vessel”)^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [mʲika̠]

Noun

甕(みか) • (mika)

large earthenware pot for brewing sake

Derived terms

武甕槌神(たけみかづちのかみ) (Takemikazuchi no Kami)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
甕
みかわ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [mʲika̠β̞a̠]

Noun

甕(みかわ) • (mikawa)

large earthenware pot for brewing sake

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
甕
もたい Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
瓮

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [mo̞ta̠i]

Noun

甕(もたい) • (motai) ^{←もたひ (motafi)^?}

earthenware vessel for sake, etc

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
甕
たしらか Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ta̠ɕiɾa̠ka̠]

Noun

甕(たしらか) • (tashiraka)

earthenware vessel used by the emperor to clean his hands

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

甕 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

甕: Hán Nôm readings: úng, ống, ổng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]