疆
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Translingual
Han character
疆 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓土一田一 (NGMWM), four-corner 11116, composition ⿰⿹弓土畺)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 766, character 33
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21961
- Dae Jaweon: page 1177, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2554, character 5
- Unihan data for U+7586
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
疆 | |
|---|---|---|
| 2nd round simp. | 畺 | |
| alternative forms | 畕 壃 疅 ⿰弓𱰥 2nd round simp. (1981) | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 疆 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series (畺) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaŋ): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 彊 (OC *kaŋs, *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ).
Etymology
Variant or allofam of 境 (OC *kraŋʔ, “boundary”) (Schuessler, 2007). Compare also Burmese ကင်း (kang:, “to be free from, keep away from”).[1]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): giŏng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gyorng1 / goeng1 / gyoeng1 / gyang1 / gieng1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1cian
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jiāng
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiang
- Wade–Giles: chiang1
- Yale: jyāng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiang
- Palladius: цзян (czjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: goeng1
- Yale: gēung
- Cantonese Pinyin: goeng1
- Guangdong Romanization: gêng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kœːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: giang1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiaŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiông
- Hakka Romanization System: giongˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: giong1
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: giongˋ
- Sinological IPA: /kioŋ⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: giong1
- Sinological IPA: /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gyorng1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gio̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kyɒŋ⁵³³/
- (Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: goeng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kœŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gyoeng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gyang1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kyɐŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gieng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kieŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
- Tâi-lô: kiong
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan, Hsinchu, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiang
- Tâi-lô: kiang
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiafng
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: giang1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiang
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiaŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: kjang
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*kaŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kaŋ/
Definitions
疆
- boundary; border; frontier
- territory
- limit; bound
- (Hsinchu and Magong Hokkien) very big bowl
- short for 新疆 (Xīnjiāng)
- a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 海碗 (“extra-big bowl”) [map]
Compounds
- 列土分疆
- 列土封疆
- 回疆 (Huíjiāng)
- 封疆 (fēngjiāng)
- 拓土開疆 / 拓土开疆
- 捐軀疆場 / 捐躯疆场
- 新疆 (Xīnjiāng)
- 新疆回變 / 新疆回变
- 海疆
- 無疆 / 无疆 (wújiāng)
- 無疆之休 / 无疆之休
- 疆吏
- 疆土 (jiāngtǔ)
- 疆埸 (jiāngyì)
- 疆域 (jiāngyù)
- 疆場 / 疆场 (jiāngchǎng)
- 疆宇
- 疆徼
- 疆理 (jiānglǐ)
- 疆界 (jiāngjiè)
- 疆臣
- 福壽無疆 / 福寿无疆 (fúshòuwújiāng)
- 萬壽無疆 / 万寿无疆 (wànshòuwújiāng)
- 苗疆 (Miáojiāng)
- 邊疆 / 边疆 (biānjiāng)
- 邊疆民族 / 边疆民族
- 邊疆舞 / 边疆舞
- 開疆 / 开疆 (kāijiāng)
- 阿塞拜疆 (Āsàibàijiāng)
References
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “疆”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 253.
- ^ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-AṄ Finals (4. to be Parted from)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 70
Japanese
Kanji
疆
Readings
Korean
Hanja
疆 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)
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Vietnamese
Han character
疆: Hán Nôm readings: cưng, câng, cương
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