Translingual
Han character
聰 (Kangxi radical 128, 耳+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 尸十竹田心 (SJHWP), four-corner 16130, composition ⿰耳悤)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 969, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29154
- Dae Jaweon: page 1419, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2795, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8070
Chinese
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (
囱)
(Zhengzhang, 2003)
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 牎
|
*sʰroːŋ
|
| 窗
|
*sʰroːŋ
|
| 窓
|
*sʰroːŋ
|
| 囱
|
*sʰroːŋ, *sʰloːŋ
|
| 總
|
*ʔsloːŋʔ
|
| 熜
|
*ʔsloːŋʔ
|
| 傯
|
*ʔsloːŋʔ
|
| 緫
|
*ʔsloːŋʔ
|
| 揔
|
*ʔsloːŋʔ
|
| 偬
|
*ʔsloːŋʔ, *ʔsloːŋs
|
| 囪
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 璁
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 驄
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 蔥
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 匆
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 怱
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 葱
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 楤
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 聦
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 繱
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 騘
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 鍯
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 聰
|
*sʰloːŋ
|
| 愡
|
*sʰloːŋs
|
| 檧
|
*sloːŋ, *sloːŋʔ
|
| 憽
|
*sloːŋ
|
| 幒
|
*sʰloŋʔ, *kjoŋ
|
The character derives from its proto-form 悤, which represents a heart/mind (心) with a big dot on top indicating a hole. According to Qiu Xigui (裘錫圭) and Shen Pei (沈培), it indicates an open heart and an open mind. Its original meaning was "intelligent". Later, it became Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰloːŋ): phonetic 囪 (OC *sʰloːŋ) + semantic 心 (“heart”), hence the dot on top became the pictogram of a window.
Eventually, the character evolved into 聰, i.e., Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰloːŋ): semantic 耳 (“ear”) + phonetic 悤 (cōng), in which the ear symbolizes somebody willing to listen and learn fastly through hearing.
Pronunciation
Note:
- chhong - literary;
- chhang - vernacular.
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 1tshon
- MiniDict: tshon平
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1tshon
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
聰
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
cōng
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ tshuwng ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*s-l̥ˁoŋ/
|
| English
|
hear well; intelligent
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
聰
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
1830
|
Phonetic
component
|
囱
|
Rime
group
|
東
|
Rime
subdivision
|
0
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
怱
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*sʰloːŋ/
|
Definitions
聰
- quick at hearing
- hearing; sense of hearing
- intelligent; clever; bright
- Synonyms: 穎 / 颖 (yǐng), 慧 (huì)
- satoshi (bitcoin unit)
Compounds
- 伶俐聰敏 / 伶俐聪敏
- 冰雪聰明 / 冰雪聪明 (bīngxuěcōngmíng)
- 失聰 / 失聪 (shīcōng)
- 宸聰 / 宸聪
- 小聰明 / 小聪明 (xiǎocōngmíng)
- 啟聰 / 启聪
- 明目達聰 / 明目达聪
- 絕頂聰明 / 绝顶聪明
- 耳目聰明 / 耳目聪明
- 耳聰 / 耳聪
- 耳聰目明 / 耳聪目明 (ērcōngmùmíng)
- 聰了 / 聪了
- 聰慧 / 聪慧 (cōnghuì)
- 聰敏 / 聪敏 (cōngmǐn)
- 聰明 / 聪明 (cōngmíng)
- 聰明乖覺 / 聪明乖觉
- 聰明人 / 聪明人 (cōngmíngrén)
- 聰明伶俐 / 聪明伶俐 (cōngmínglínglì)
- 聰明才智 / 聪明才智 (cōngmíngcáizhì)
- 聰明絕頂 / 聪明绝顶 (cōngmíngjuédǐng)
- 聰穎 / 聪颖 (cōngyǐng)
- 聰靈 / 聪灵
- 自作聰明 / 自作聪明 (zìzuòcōngmíng)
- 蔽聰塞明 / 蔽聪塞明
- 閉明塞聰 / 闭明塞聪
- 鬼聰明 / 鬼聪明
References
- “聰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “聪”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 39.
Japanese
Kanji
聰
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 聡)
- wise, intelligent
Readings
Korean
Hanja
聰 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, Yale chong)
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Vietnamese
Han character
聰: Hán Nôm readings: thông
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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