蔥
See also: 葱
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Translingual
Han character
蔥 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 廿竹田心 (THWP), four-corner 44332, composition ⿱艹悤)
Usage notes
In the mainland China and Hong Kong standards, 蔥 is a variant form of 葱, where the middle component of the character is written as 囱. In the Taiwan stroke order for 蔥, the middle component is written as 囪.
Derived characters
- 𢤄, 𤁬, 𣞷, 𤑢, 𦇎(𰭁)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1055, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31825
- Dae Jaweon: page 1517, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3281, character 2
- Unihan data for U+8525
Chinese
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (囱) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 牎 | *sʰroːŋ |
| 窗 | *sʰroːŋ |
| 窓 | *sʰroːŋ |
| 囱 | *sʰroːŋ, *sʰloːŋ |
| 總 | *ʔsloːŋʔ |
| 熜 | *ʔsloːŋʔ |
| 傯 | *ʔsloːŋʔ |
| 緫 | *ʔsloːŋʔ |
| 揔 | *ʔsloːŋʔ |
| 偬 | *ʔsloːŋʔ, *ʔsloːŋs |
| 囪 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 璁 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 驄 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 蔥 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 匆 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 怱 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 葱 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 楤 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 聦 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 繱 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 騘 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 鍯 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 聰 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 愡 | *sʰloːŋs |
| 檧 | *sloːŋ, *sloːŋʔ |
| 憽 | *sloːŋ |
| 幒 | *sʰloŋʔ, *kjoŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰloːŋ): semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 悤 (cōng).
Etymology 1
| trad. | 蔥/葱 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 葱 | |
| 2nd round simp. | 茐 | |
| alternative forms | ||
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-tsoŋ (“onion”). Cognate with Tibetan བཙོང (btsong), ཙོང (tsong, “onion, scallion”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): cung1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): cung1
- Northern Min (KCR): chó̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): chĕ̤ng / chŭng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cang1 / corng1
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): coeng1
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1tshon
- Xiang
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: cōng
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cong
- Wade–Giles: tsʻung1
- Yale: tsūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsong
- Palladius: цун (cun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: cong1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cung
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cung1
- Yale: chūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsung1
- Guangdong Romanization: cung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: cung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ²¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: tuung1 / tuung1-4*
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɵŋ³³/, /tʰɵŋ³³⁻²¹⁵/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: cung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ʃʰʊŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûng
- Hakka Romanization System: cungˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cung1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: cungˋ
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: cung1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chó̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
Note:
- chĕ̤ng - vernacular;
- chŭng - literary.
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cang1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chang
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cang1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: corng1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cho̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɒŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: corng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
Note:
- cang1 - vernacular;
- corng1 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhang / chhong
- Tâi-lô: tshang / tshong
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhafng, zhofng
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰaŋ³³/, /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien)
Note:
- chhang - vernacular;
- chhong - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cang1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshang
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaŋ³³/
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: cang1 / cong1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰaŋ³⁵/, /t͡sʰɔŋ³⁵/
Note:
- cang1 - vernacular;
- cong1 - literary.
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: coeng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰøŋ⁵³/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- Wugniu: 1tshon
- MiniDict: tshon平
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1tshon
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sʰoŋ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sʰoŋ³³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵²/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵²/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: tshuwng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ʰˤoŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰloːŋ/
Definitions
蔥
- green onion; spring onion; scallion (Classifier: 根 m; 棵 m; 把 m; 捆 m; 條／条 c; 樖 c; 紮／扎 c; 叢／丛 mn)
- (～屬) Allium
- (literary, or in compounds) dark green
Synonyms
- (green onion):
Dialectal synonyms of 蔥 (“green onion; spring onion; scallion”) [map]
- (onion):
Dialectal synonyms of 洋蔥 (“onion”) [map]
- (dark green):
Compounds
- 三斗蔥
- 倒栽蔥 / 倒栽葱 (dàozāicōng)
- 冬蔥 / 冬葱
- 分蔥 / 分葱
- 削蔥 / 削葱
- 剝蔥 / 剥葱
- 大官蔥 / 大官葱
- 大蔥 / 大葱 (dàcōng)
- 太官蔥 / 太官葱
- 小蔥 / 小葱 (xiǎocōng)
- 山蔥 / 山葱
- 愣蔥 / 愣葱 (lèngcōng)
- 憨蔥 / 憨葱
- 拌蒜加蔥 / 拌蒜加葱
- 擰蔥 / 拧葱
- 春蔥 / 春葱
- 木蔥 / 木葱
- 楞頭蔥 / 楞头葱
- 樓蔥 / 楼葱
- 水蔥 / 水葱
- 沙蔥 / 沙葱
- 洋蔥 / 洋葱 (yángcōng)
- 洋蔥頭 / 洋葱头 (yángcōngtóu)
- 漢蔥 / 汉葱
- 玉蔥 / 玉葱 (yùcōng)
- 玉蔥條 / 玉葱条
- 瓏蔥 / 珑葱
- 盤怨蔥 / 盘怨葱
- 籠蔥 / 笼葱
- 籠蔥竹 / 笼葱竹
- 細香蔥 / 细香葱 (xìxiāngcōng)
- 老蔥 / 老葱
- 茖蔥 / 茖葱
- 菁蔥 / 菁葱
- 蒜蔥 / 蒜葱
- 蔥仔 / 葱仔
- 蔥倩 / 葱倩
- 蔥嶺 / 葱岭 (Cōnglǐng)
- 蔥曚 / 葱曚
- 蔥曨 / 葱昽
- 蔥楚 / 葱楚
- 蔥油 / 葱油
- 蔥油拌麵 / 葱油拌面
- 蔥油雞 / 葱油鸡
- 蔥油餅 / 葱油饼 (cōngyóubǐng)
- 蔥海 / 葱海
- 蔥白 / 葱白 (cōngbái)
- 蔥白兒 / 葱白儿
- 蔥管 / 葱管
- 蔥籠 / 葱笼 (cōnglóng)
- 蔥粲 / 葱粲
- 蔥綠 / 葱绿
- 蔥翠 / 葱翠
- 蔥聾 / 葱聋
- 蔥芊 / 葱芊
- 蔥花 / 葱花 (cōnghuā)
- 蔥茂 / 葱茂
- 蔥菁 / 葱菁
- 蔥蒙 / 葱蒙
- 蔥蒨 / 葱蒨
- 蔥蔚 / 葱蔚
- 蔥蔥 / 葱葱 (cōngcōng)
- 蔥蔥郁郁
- 蔥蘢 / 葱茏 (cōnglóng)
- 蔥蘭 / 葱兰
- 蔥郁
- 蔥靈 / 葱灵
- 蔥青 / 葱青
- 蔥頭 / 葱头 (cōngtóu)
- 蔥鬍子 / 葱胡子
- 蔥鬱 / 葱郁 (cōngyù)
- 蔥黃 / 葱黄
- 蘢蔥 / 茏葱 (lóngcōng)
- 蝦夷蔥 / 虾夷葱 (xiāyícōng)
- 裝蔥賣蒜 / 装葱卖蒜
- 賣蔥 / 卖葱
- 青蔥 / 青葱 (qīngcōng)
- 飯店回蔥 / 饭店回葱
- 香蔥 / 香葱
- 鬱蔥 / 郁葱
- 鬱鬱蔥蔥 / 郁郁葱葱 (yùyùcōngcōng)
- 鹿蔥 / 鹿葱
- 黝蔥 / 黝葱
- 龍爪蔥 / 龙爪葱
- 龍角蔥 / 龙角葱
Descendants
Etymology 2
| trad. | 蔥/葱 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 葱 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: chuāng
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chuang
- Wade–Giles: chʻuang1
- Yale: chwāng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuang
- Palladius: чуан (čuan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
蔥
- alternative form of 窗 (chuāng), only used in 蔥靈／葱灵
References
- “蔥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “葱”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 39.
Japanese
Kanji
蔥
- Green onion; leek; scallion
- Allium
- Green-colored
Readings
Korean
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰo̞ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [총]
Hanja
蔥 • (chong) (hangeul 총, revised chong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, Yale chong)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
蔥: Hán Nôm readings: song, thông
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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