致

See also: 緻
致 U+81F4, 致
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81F4
← 至
[U+81F3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 臵 →
[U+81F5]

Translingual

Han character

致 (Kangxi radical 133, 至+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一土人大 (MGOK), four-corner 18140, composition ⿰至攵 or ⿰至夊(T))

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1001, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30149
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1458, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2815, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+81F4

Chinese

trad. 致
simp. # 致
alternative forms 𦤺
𦤶
𦤹
𦥀

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (至) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
致 *tiɡs
輊 *tiɡs
駤 *tiɡs
跮 *tʰiɡs, *tʰiɡ
荎 *di, *diːɡ
緻 *diɡs
至 *tjiɡs
鵄 *tʰji
胵 *tʰji
痓 *tʰjiɡs
咥 *hriɡs, *tiːɡ, *diːɡ, *tʰiɡ
窒 *tiːɡ, *tiɡ
蛭 *tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
垤 *diːɡ
耋 *diːɡ
姪 *diːɡ, *diɡ
絰 *diːɡ
恎 *diːɡ
挃 *tiɡ
庢 *tiɡ
銍 *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
秷 *tiɡ
螲 *tiɡ
侄 *diɡ, *tjiɡ
桎 *tjiɡ
郅 *tjiɡ
晊 *tjiɡ
室 *hliɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tiɡs): phonetic 至 (OC *tjiɡs) + semantic 攵.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 致
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 脂 (17)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 陟利切
Baxter trijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʈˠiɪH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈᵚiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȶiɪH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈjiH/
Li
Rong 		/ȶjiH/
Wang
Li 		/ȶiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȶiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 致
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ trijH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*t<r>i[t]-s/
English (cause to arrive): transmit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 致
Reading # 1/1
No. 17336
Phonetic
component 		至
Rime
group 		至
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*tiɡs/

Definitions

致

  1. to send; to deliver; to present
    致辭／致辞  ―  zhìcí  ―  to deliver a speech
  2. to express; to convey
    致以  ―  zhìyǐ  ―  to express; to extend
  3. to cause; to incur
    致癌  ―  zhì'ái  ―  to cause cancer
  4. to devote; to exhaust; to use up (one's energy, efforts, etc.)
    致力  ―  zhìlì  ―  to concentrate on; to devote oneself to
  5. to achieve; to attain
    致富  ―  zhìfù  ―  to get rich; to achieve wealth
    致知  ―  zhìzhī  ―  to attain knowledge
  6. engaging style; manner or style that engages attention or arouses interest
    有致  ―  yǒuzhì  ―  interesting; appealing
    興致／兴致  ―  xìngzhì  ―  interest; mood to enjoy
  7. to result in; so that
    以致  ―  yǐzhì  ―  resulting in; so that
  8. (Hokkien) to contract (an illness)
    致著病 [Hokkien, trad.]
    致着病 [Hokkien, simp.]
    tì tio̍h pīⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    to contract an illness
  9. a surname, Zhi
Synonyms
  • (to express):

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 致 – see 緻 (“delicate; fine”).
(This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 緻).
Notes:

References

Japanese

Kanji

致

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. to do

Readings

  • Go-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: いたす (itasu, 致す, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: とも (tomo)、むね (mune)、ゆき (yuki)

Korean

Hanja

致 (eumhun 이를 치 (ireul chi))

  1. hanja form? of 치 (“to reach; to result in”)

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

致: Hán Nôm readings: trí

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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