舊年
See also: 旧年
Chinese
| old (opposite of new); former | year | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (舊年) | 舊 | 年 | |
| simp. (旧年) | 旧 | 年 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'qiu5 nyien4
- Hakka
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gu5 ning2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6jieu-gni6 / 2jieu6-gnie2 / 6jiou-gnie2
- Xiang (Loudi, Wiktionary): jjio5 ni2*
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jiùnián
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄡˋ ㄋㄧㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiòunián
- Wade–Giles: chiu4-nien2
- Yale: jyòu-nyán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiownian
- Palladius: цзюнянь (czjunjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: jiūlien
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): jiu4 lien0
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiəɯ⁴⁴ liẽ/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gau6 nin4-2 / gau6 nin4
- Yale: gauh nín / gauh nìhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: gau6 nin4-2 / gau6 nin4
- Guangdong Romanization: geo6 nin4-2 / geo6 nin4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐu̯²² niːn²¹⁻³⁵/, /kɐu̯²² niːn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: giu5 nen3*
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiu³² ⁿden²²⁻²²⁵/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: gieu6 nin4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiɛu⁵⁵ nin⁴²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiu-ngièn
- Hakka Romanization System: kiu ngienˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiu4 ngian2
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯u⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiu-ngiàn
- Hakka Romanization System: kiu ngianˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiu4 ngian2
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯u⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: kiu4 ngian2
- Sinological IPA: /kʰiu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋian¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gu5 ning2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gū-níng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku¹¹ niŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gu5 ning2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku²¹ niŋ²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kū-nî
- Tâi-lô: kū-nî
- Phofsit Daibuun: kuxnii
- IPA (Taipei): /ku³³⁻¹¹ nĩ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ku³³⁻²¹ nĩ²³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /ku²²⁻²¹ nĩ²⁴/
- IPA (Philippines): /ku⁴¹⁻²² ni²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ku⁴¹⁻²² nĩ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ku²²⁻²¹ nĩ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Hui'an)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kū-lîn
- Tâi-lô: kū-lîn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kuxliin
- IPA (Hui'an): /ku²¹⁻²² lin²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gu7 ni5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kū nî
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku¹¹ ni⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 6jieu-gni6
- MiniDict: jieu去 nyi去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3jjieu-nyi3
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑiɤ²² n̠ʲi⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
- Wugniu: 2jieu6-gnie2
- MiniDict: jieu去 nye平
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /d͡ʑʏ²² n̠ʲɪ³³/
- (Northern: Changzhou)
- Wugniu: 6jiou-gnie2
- MiniDict: jiou去 nye平
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /d͡ʑiɤɯ¹¹ n̠ʲɪ²⁴/
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Xiang
Noun
舊年
- (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Southern Min, Puxian Min, Wu or literary) last year
- Chinese New Year
- (Chongzuo Pinghua) the year before last
- (Loudi Xiang) previous years
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 去年 (“last year”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of 春節 (“Spring Festival; Chinese New Year”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of 前年 (“the year before last”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of 往年 (“previous years”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 往年 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 往年 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 往年 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 往年 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 往年 |
| Xi'an | 往年 | |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 往年 |
| Ürümqi | 往年 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 往年子 |
| Wuhan | 往年 | |
| Guiyang | 往年 | |
| Liuzhou | 往年 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 往年 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 往年, 往年時 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 往年 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 往年 |
| Yudu | 往年子 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 往年 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 往年, 前些年 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 往年暝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 往年 |
| Quanzhou | 往年 | |
| Jinjiang | 頂年 | |
| Zhangzhou | 往年仔 | |
| Haikou | 往年 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 往年 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 往年 |
| Danyang | 往年家 | |
| Hangzhou | 往年 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 往年子, 常年子, 平常年子 |
| Loudi | 舊年, 舊年子 | |
Derived terms
Further reading
- “舊年”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
- 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “旧年”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 241.