菌
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Translingual
Han character
菌 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿田竹木 (TWHD), four-corner 44600, composition ⿱艹囷)
Derived characters
- 𣛃, 𭿰, 𢋵
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1037, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31156
- Dae Jaweon: page 1495, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3234, character 9
- Unihan data for U+83CC
Chinese
trad. | 菌 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 菌 | |
alternative forms | 箘 蔨 𦵼 𦽖 |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (囷) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡonʔ, *ɡrunʔ): semantic 艹 + phonetic 囷 (OC *kʰrun, *ɡrun).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-r(i/u)n (“mushroom; fungus”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jūn
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyun
- Wade–Giles: chün1
- Yale: jyūn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiun
- Palladius: цзюнь (czjunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jùn
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyùn
- Wade–Giles: chün4
- Yale: jyùn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiunn
- Palladius: цзюнь (czjunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕyn⁵¹/
- (nonstandard or dialectal)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jǔn
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyǔn
- Wade–Giles: chün3
- Yale: jyǔn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeun
- Palladius: цзюнь (czjunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕyn²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kwan2
- Yale: kwán
- Cantonese Pinyin: kwan2
- Guangdong Romanization: kuen2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷʰɐn³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: kun4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰun²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khún
- Tâi-lô: khún
- Phofsit Daibuun: quon
- IPA (Xiamen): /kʰun⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰun⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰun⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰun⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰun⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: kung2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khúng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuŋ⁵²/
- (Hokkien)
Definitions
菌
Synonyms
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Eastern Min (BUC): kūng
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jùn
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyùn
- Wade–Giles: chün4
- Yale: jyùn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiunn
- Palladius: цзюнь (czjunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕyn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kwan2
- Yale: kwán
- Cantonese Pinyin: kwan2
- Guangdong Romanization: kuen2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷʰɐn³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: kun4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰun²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khún
- Tâi-lô: khún
- Phofsit Daibuun: quon
- IPA (Xiamen): /kʰun⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰun⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰun⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰun⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰun⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: kung2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khúng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuŋ⁵²/
- (Hokkien)
- Middle Chinese: gwinX, gjwonX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]runʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡonʔ/, /*ɡrunʔ/
Definitions
菌
- mushroom; toadstool
- 朝菌不知晦朔,蟪蛄不知春秋,此小年也。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad. and simp.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Zhāojūn bùzhī huìshuò, huìgū bùzhī chūnqiū, cǐ xiǎonián yě. [Pinyin]
- The mushroom of a morning does not know (what takes place between) the beginning and end of a month; the short-lived cicada does not know (what takes place between) the spring and autumn.
- alternative form of 箘 (“bamboo shoots”)
- a surname, Jun
Synonyms
Compounds
- 不孕真菌
- 乳酸菌 (rǔsuānjūn)
- 亮菌
- 低溫殺菌 / 低温杀菌
- 傘菌 / 伞菌
- 光合細菌 / 光合细菌
- 厭氧菌 / 厌氧菌 (yànyǎngjūn)
- 厭氣菌 / 厌气菌
- 噬人菌
- 噬菌體 / 噬菌体 (shìjūntǐ)
- 固氮菌 (gùdànjūn)
- 夏蟲朝菌 / 夏虫朝菌
- 大腸桿菌 / 大肠杆菌 (dàcháng gǎnjūn)
- 大腸菌 / 大肠菌
- 大腸菌類 / 大肠菌类
- 子囊菌
- 寄生菌
- 巴氏桿菌 / 巴氏杆菌
- 布氏桿菌 / 布氏杆菌
- 布魯氏菌 / 布鲁氏菌 (bùlǔshìjūn)
- 帶菌 / 带菌
- 帶菌者 / 带菌者
- 弧菌 (hújūn)
- 微菌 (wēijūn)
- 抗菌 (kàngjūn)
- 抗菌素 (kàngjūnsù)
- 抗菌藥 / 抗菌药
- 抗菌血清
- 披衣菌 (pīyījūn)
- 擔子菌 / 担子菌
- 朝菌
- 松菌 (sōngjūn)
- 根瘤菌 (gēnliújūn)
- 桿菌 / 杆菌 (gǎnjūn)
- 棒狀桿菌 / 棒状杆菌 (bàngzhuàng gǎnjūn)
- 殺菌 / 杀菌 (shājūn)
- 殺菌劑 / 杀菌剂
- 氯絲菌素 / 氯丝菌素
- 活性菌
- 淋菌
- 滅菌 / 灭菌 (mièjūn)
- 無菌 / 无菌 (wújūn)
- 無菌室 / 无菌室
- 牙菌斑 (yájūnbān)
- 球菌 (qiújūn)
- 瓢菌素
- 生菌
- 病原菌 (bìngyuánjūn)
- 病菌 (bìngjūn)
- 痢疾桿菌 / 痢疾杆菌
- 真菌 (zhēnjūn)
- 細菌 / 细菌 (xìjūn)
- 細菌學 / 细菌学 (xìjūnxué)
- 細菌武器 / 细菌武器
- 結核菌 / 结核菌
- 網傘菌 / 网伞菌
- 羊肚菌 (yángdǔjūn)
- 肉毒桿菌 / 肉毒杆菌 (ròudúgǎnjūn)
- 菌傘 / 菌伞 (jūnsǎn)
- 菌原體 / 菌原体
- 菌子 (jùnzi)
- 菌幕
- 菌托
- 菌柄 (jūnbǐng)
- 菌核
- 菌根
- 菌桂
- 菌界
- 菌絲 / 菌丝 (jūnsī)
- 菌絲體 / 菌丝体 (jūnsītǐ)
- 菌肥
- 菌膠團 / 菌胶团
- 菌苗 (jūnmiáo)
- 菌落 (jūnluò)
- 菌蓋 / 菌盖 (jūngài)
- 菌血症
- 菌血癥 / 菌血症
- 菌褶 (jūnzhé)
- 菌質 / 菌质
- 菌陳蒿 / 菌陈蒿
- 菌類 / 菌类
- 葡萄球菌 (pútáo qiújūn)
- 藻菌植物
- 螺旋菌
- 裂殖菌
- 輻射滅菌 / 辐射灭菌
- 酵母菌
- 鏈球菌 / 链球菌 (liànqiújūn)
- 雙球菌 / 双球菌
- 霍亂弧菌 / 霍乱弧菌 (huòluàn hújūn)
- 非病原菌
- 食菌
- 香菌
- 馬勃菌 / 马勃菌
- 黑黴菌 / 黑霉菌
- 黴菌 / 霉菌 (méijūn)
- 黴菌病 / 霉菌病
Japanese
Kanji
菌
Readings
- Go-on: ごん (gon)
- Kan-on: きん (kin, Jōyō)←きん (kin, historical)←くゐん (kwin, ancient)
- Kun: きのこ (kinoko, 菌)
Compounds
- 細菌 (saikin): bacterium, germ
- 納豆菌 (nattō kin): Bacillus subtilis var. natto
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
菌 |
きん Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
菌 • (kin)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
菌 |
きのこ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 菌 – see the following entry. | ||||
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(This term, 菌, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Hanja
菌 (eumhun 버섯 균 (beoseot gyun))
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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