覆蓋
See also: 覆盖
Chinese
to cover; to overflow; to reply to a letter to cover; to overflow; to reply to a letter; to overturn; to capsize |
cover; lid; top cover; lid; top; canopy; to build | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (覆蓋) | 覆 | 蓋 | |
simp. (覆盖) | 覆 | 盖 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk1 goi3 / fuk1 koi3 / fau6 goi3
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hok-kài
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: fùgài
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄍㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fùgài
- Wade–Giles: fu4-kai4
- Yale: fù-gài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhgay
- Palladius: фугай (fugaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ kaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: fuk1 goi3 / fuk1 koi3 / fau6 goi3
- Yale: fūk goi / fūk koi / fauh goi
- Cantonese Pinyin: fuk7 goi3 / fuk7 koi3 / fau6 goi3
- Guangdong Romanization: fug1 goi3 / fug1 koi3 / feo6 goi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fʊk̚⁵ kɔːi̯³³/, /fʊk̚⁵ kʰɔːi̯³³/, /fɐu̯²² kɔːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok-kài
- Tâi-lô: hok-kài
- Phofsit Daibuun: hokkaix
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kai⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kai²¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kai²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
Verb
覆蓋
- to cover
- 無故,甕器自發訇訇作聲,若有人擊。盤案在前,忽然便失,雞生子,輒失去。如是數歲,人甚惡之。乃多作美食,覆蓋,著一室中,陰藏戶間窺伺之。果復重來,發聲如前。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: In Search of the Sacred, circa 3rd century CE
- Wúgù, wèngqì zìfā hōnghōng zuòshēng, ruò yǒurén jī. Pán'àn zàiqián, hūrán biàn shī, jī shēngzǐ, zhé shīqù. Rúshì shù suì, rén shèn wù zhī. Nǎi duō zuò měishí, fùgài, zhù yī shì zhōng, yīn cáng hù jiān kuīsì zhī. Guǒ fù chónglái, fāshēng rú qián. [Pinyin]
- With no apparent rhyme or reason, the pots and jars opened by themselves, and there were sounds as if someone was knocking on them. During mealtimes, wooden trays would disappear as soon as they were put in front of the family. Hen's eggs would often go missing right after they were laid. Things were like this for several years, much to the consternation of the whole family. Then the master of the household cooked a lot of delicious food, covered it and put it in one of the rooms, while he himself hid behind the door and kept watch. The thing did come back once more, and let out the same noise as usual.
无故,瓮器自发訇訇作声,若有人击。盘案在前,忽然便失,鸡生子,辄失去。如是数岁,人甚恶之。乃多作美食,覆盖,著一室中,阴藏户间窥伺之。果复重来,发声如前。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
- to extend to; to involve; to affect
Synonyms
- (to cover):
Noun
覆蓋
- cover
- plant cover; vegetation
Derived terms
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
覆 | 蓋 |
ふく Grade: S |
がい Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 覆蓋 / 覆盖 (phjuwk kajH, literally “cover + lid”). Compare modern Cantonese reading fuk1 goi3.
Pronunciation
Noun
覆蓋 • (fukugai)
Usage notes
Rarely used. The synonyms are much more common.
Synonyms
Verb
覆蓋する • (fukugai suru) transitive suru (stem 覆蓋し (fukugai shi), past 覆蓋した (fukugai shita))
Usage notes
Rarely used. The synonym 覆い被せる (ōikabuseru) is much more common.
Conjugation
Conjugation of "覆蓋する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 覆蓋し | ふくがいし | fukugai shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 覆蓋し | ふくがいし | fukugai shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 覆蓋する | ふくがいする | fukugai suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 覆蓋する | ふくがいする | fukugai suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 覆蓋すれ | ふくがいすれ | fukugai sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 覆蓋せよ¹ 覆蓋しろ² |
ふくがいせよ¹ ふくがいしろ² |
fukugai seyo¹ fukugai shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 覆蓋される | ふくがいされる | fukugai sareru | |
Causative | 覆蓋させる 覆蓋さす |
ふくがいさせる ふくがいさす |
fukugai saseru fukugai sasu | |
Potential | 覆蓋できる | ふくがいできる | fukugai dekiru | |
Volitional | 覆蓋しよう | ふくがいしよう | fukugai shiyō | |
Negative | 覆蓋しない | ふくがいしない | fukugai shinai | |
Negative continuative | 覆蓋せず | ふくがいせず | fukugai sezu | |
Formal | 覆蓋します | ふくがいします | fukugai shimasu | |
Perfective | 覆蓋した | ふくがいした | fukugai shita | |
Conjunctive | 覆蓋して | ふくがいして | fukugai shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 覆蓋すれば | ふくがいすれば | fukugai sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Synonyms
- 覆い被せる (ōikabuseru)
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN