走狗
Chinese
to walk; to go; to move to walk; to go; to move; to leave |
dog | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (走狗) |
走 | 狗 | |
Literally: “running dog”. |
Etymology
Attestable in pre-Qin texts in the "hunting dog" sense.[1]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zau2 gau2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chéu-kiéu
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cháu-káu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zǒugǒu [Phonetic: zóugǒu]
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄡˇ ㄍㄡˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zǒugǒu
- Wade–Giles: tsou3-kou3
- Yale: dzǒu-gǒu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzoougoou
- Palladius: цзоугоу (czougou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zau2 gau2
- Yale: jáu gáu
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzau2 gau2
- Guangdong Romanization: zeo2 geo2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐu̯³⁵ kɐu̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chéu-kiéu
- Hakka Romanization System: zeuˋ gieuˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zeu3 gieu3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡seu̯³¹ ki̯eu̯³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cháu-káu
- Tâi-lô: tsáu-káu
- Phofsit Daibuun: zaw'kao
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kau⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kau⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Middle Chinese: tsuwX kuwX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤoʔ Cə.kˤroʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsoːʔ koːʔ/
Noun
走狗
- (literary) hunting dog; hound
- (literary, historical) dog racing game in ancient times
- (figurative, politics, derogatory) running dog; lackey; cat's paw; person subservient to counterrevolutionary or evil interests
- 這些國家的人民起來反對美帝國主義的和其他帝國主義的走狗,也就是反對帝國主義的反動統治。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1968, Mao Zedong, Chairman Mao's "The Movement of World Revolution" (毛主席论世界革命)
- Zhèxiē guójiā de rénmín qǐlái fǎnduì měidìguózhǔyì de hé qítā dìguózhǔyì de zǒugǒu, yě jiùshì fǎnduì dìguózhǔyì de fǎndòng tǒngzhì. [Pinyin]
- People opposed to the reactionary rule of imperialism in these countries are rising up against U.S. imperialism and other running dogs of imperialism.
这些国家的人民起来反对美帝国主义的和其他帝国主义的走狗,也就是反对帝国主义的反动统治。 [MSC, simp.]
- (literary, humble) self-deprecating form of address for oneself; the servant me; I, the follower
Synonyms
- 共犯 (gòngfàn)
- 共謀 / 共谋 (gòngmóu)
- 同夥 / 同伙 (tónghuǒ)
- 同案犯 (tóng'ànfàn)
- 同犯 (tóngfàn)
- 同謀 / 同谋 (tóngmóu)
- 同謀犯 / 同谋犯 (tóngmóufàn)
- 同黨 / 同党 (tóngdǎng)
- 幫兇 / 帮凶 (bāngxiōng)
- 爪牙 (zhǎoyá) (figurative, derogatory)
- 狗腿 (gǒutuǐ) (figurative, derogatory)
- 狗腿子 (gǒutuǐzi) (figurative, derogatory)
- 走卒 (zǒuzú)
- 鷹犬 / 鹰犬 (yīngquǎn) (figurative)
Descendants
- → English: running dog (calque)
Verb
走狗
Derived terms
- 狡兔死,走狗烹
- 走狗烹
- 飛鷹走狗 / 飞鹰走狗
- 鬥雞走狗 / 斗鸡走狗
References
- ^ 文若愚 (2014) 语言常识全知道, 中国华侨出版社
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
走 | 狗 |
そう Grade: 2 |
く Hyōgai |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
走狗 • (sōku)
- hound
- a tool of another person, cat's paw
- 1929, 小林多喜二, 不在地主:
- 警察は如何にも君等の言う通り、資本家の走狗だ。
- Keisatsu wa ika ni mo kimi-ra no iu-tōri, shihonka no sōku da.
- Like you all said, those police are nothing more than capitalist tools.
- 警察は如何にも君等の言う通り、資本家の走狗だ。
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
走 | 狗 |
Noun
走狗 • (jugu) (hangeul 주구)
- hanja form? of 주구 (“hunting dog, cat's paw”)