雞犬不寧
Chinese
fowl; chicken | dog | unstable; unpeaceful; untranquil | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
trad. (雞犬不寧/鷄犬不寧) | 雞/鷄 | 犬 | 不寧 | |
simp. (鸡犬不宁) | 鸡 | 犬 | 不宁 | |
Literally: “(even) the chickens and dogs are unsettled”. |
Etymology
From Liu Zongyuan's famous prose Discourse of the Snake Catcher:
- 悍吏之吾鄉,叫囂乎東西,隳突乎南北,譁然而駭者,雖雞狗不得寧焉。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. 805~815, 柳宗元,《捕蛇者説》, translated into English as Catching Snakes by H. A. Giles
- Hàn lì zhī wú xiāng, jiàoxiāo hū dōngxī, huītū hū nánběi, huárán ér hài zhě, suī jī gǒu bù dé níng yān. [Pinyin]
- When those fierce government tax-collectors come, they snarl and harry wherever they reach, startling the village and upsetting the domestic animals like dogs and fowls.
悍吏之吾乡,叫嚣乎东西,隳突乎南北,哗然而骇者,虽鸡狗不得宁焉。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Note that in many chengyu, 狗 (gǒu) is often substituted by a less derogatory and seemingly more formal synonym 犬 (quǎn).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): jīquǎnbùníng
- (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄋㄧㄥˊ
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gai1 hyun2 bat1 ning4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jīquǎnbùníng
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄋㄧㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jicyuǎnbùníng
- Wade–Giles: chi1-chʻüan3-pu4-ning2
- Yale: jī-chywǎn-bù-níng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jicheuanbuning
- Palladius: цзицюаньбунин (czicjuanʹbunin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gai1 hyun2 bat1 ning4
- Yale: gāi hyún bāt nìhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: gai1 hyn2 bat7 ning4
- Guangdong Romanization: gei1 hün2 bed1 ning4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐi̯⁵⁵ hyːn³⁵ pɐt̚⁵ nɪŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Idiom
雞犬不寧