頂真

Chinese

Etymology 1

		go against; most; peak go against; most; peak; top; to replace; to substitute; a measure word (use with "hat")	real; true; genuine
trad. (頂真/頂眞)		頂	真/眞
simp. (顶真)		顶	真

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dǐngzhēn

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄓㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ding² zan¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): téng-chin
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁵tin-tsen₁ / ³tin-tsyun₁ / ³tin-tsen₁

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dǐngzhēn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄓㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dǐngjhen
  - Wade–Giles: ting³-chên¹
  - Yale: dǐng-jēn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diingjen
  - Palladius: динчжэнь (dinčžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    頂真 / 顶真
    頂針 / 顶针
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ding² zan¹
  - Yale: díng jān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ding² dzan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ding² zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɪŋ³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: téng-chin
  - Tâi-lô: tíng-tsin
  - Phofsit Daibuun: defngcyn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sin³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sin⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tin-tsen₁
  - MiniDict: tin^去 tsen^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tin-tsen₁
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tin³³ t͡sən⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ³tin-tsyun₁
  - MiniDict: tin^上 tsoen^平
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /tiŋ³³ t͡sz̩ʷøŋ³⁵/
- (Northern: Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ³tin-tsen₁
  - MiniDict: tin^上 tsen^平
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /tin⁵⁵ t͡sen²¹/

Adjective

頂真

(dialectal) conscientious; serious

Synonyms

edit

不苟 (bùgǒu) (formal)
仔細 / 仔细 (zǐxì)
嚴 / 严 (yán)
嚴肅 / 严肃 (yánsù)
嚴謹 / 严谨 (yánjǐn)
墘角 (gièng-gáe̤k) (Eastern Min)
密切 (mìqiè)
審慎 / 审慎 (shěnshèn) (formal)
對重 / 对重 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
小心 (xiǎoxīn)
慎密 (shènmì)
慎重 (shènzhòng)
慘淡 / 惨淡 (cǎndàn)
持重 (chízhòng)
板正 (bǎnzhèng)
正經 / 正经
當心 / 当心 (dāngxīn)
精心 (jīngxīn)
精細 / 精细 (jīngxì)
細心 / 细心 (xìxīn)
細膩 / 细腻 (xìnì) (Min)
致重 (Hokkien)
認真 / 认真 (rènzhēn)
謹嚴 / 谨严 (jǐnyán)
謹慎 / 谨慎 (jǐnshèn)
較真 / 较真 (jiàozhēn) (colloquial)
過細 / 过细 (guòxì)
鞠躬 (jūgōng) (literary)

Etymology 2

	go against; most; peak go against; most; peak; top; to replace; to substitute; a measure word (use with "hat")	real; true; genuine
trad. (頂真/頂眞)	頂	真/眞
simp. (顶真)	顶	真
alternative forms	頂針／顶针

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dǐngzhēn

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄓㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ding² zan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dǐngzhēn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄓㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dǐngjhen
  - Wade–Giles: ting³-chên¹
  - Yale: dǐng-jēn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diingjen
  - Palladius: динчжэнь (dinčžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    頂真 / 顶真
    頂針 / 顶针
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ding² zan¹
  - Yale: díng jān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ding² dzan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ding² zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɪŋ³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

Noun

頂真

Examples
知止而后有定，定而后能靜，靜而后能安，安而后能慮，慮而后能得。 (The Great Learning) 昭明有融，高朗令終。令終有俶，公尸嘉告。其告維何？籩豆靜嘉。朋友攸攝，攝以威儀。威儀孔時，君子有孝子。孝子不匱，永錫爾類。 (The Book of Poetry)

(rhetoric) anadiplosis

References

“頂真”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.