頂
| ||||||||
Translingual
Han character
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
頂 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+2, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一弓一月金 (MNMBC), four-corner 11286, composition ⿰丁頁)
Derived characters
Related characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1399, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43335
- Dae Jaweon: page 1915, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4355, character 3
- Unihan data for U+9802
Chinese
| trad. | 頂 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 顶 | |
| alternative forms | 𩠑 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 頂 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 圢 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 町 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ |
| 打 | *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ |
| 盯 | *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ |
| 朾 | *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ |
| 丁 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 玎 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 虰 | *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ |
| 揨 | *rdeːŋ |
| 釘 | *teːŋ, *teːŋs |
| 靪 | *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ |
| 仃 | *teːŋ |
| 叮 | *teːŋ |
| 疔 | *teːŋ |
| 頂 | *teːŋʔ |
| 奵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 耵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 酊 | *teːŋʔ |
| 葶 | *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ |
| 矴 | *teːŋs |
| 訂 | *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ |
| 飣 | *teːŋs |
| 汀 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs |
| 艼 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 庁 | *tʰeːŋ |
| 婷 | *deːŋ |
| 停 | *deːŋ |
| 聤 | *deːŋ |
| 渟 | *deːŋ |
| 楟 | *deːŋ |
| 亭 | *deːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *teːŋʔ): phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) + semantic 頁 (“head”).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tVŋ (“upper part”) (STEDT). The sense “damn” is a clipping of 頂你個肺/顶你个肺 (ding2 nei5 go3 fai3).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): din3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): di3 / ding3
- Northern Min (KCR): děng
- Eastern Min (BUC): dīng / tīng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): deng3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): din3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: dǐng
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǐng
- Wade–Giles: ting3
- Yale: dǐng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diing
- Palladius: дин (din)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: din3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: din
- Sinological IPA (key): /tin⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: deng2 / ding2
- Yale: déng / díng
- Cantonese Pinyin: deng2 / ding2
- Guangdong Romanization: déng2 / ding2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɛːŋ³⁵/, /tɪŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- deng2 - vernacular;
- ding2 - literary.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: en2 / iang2
- Sinological IPA (key): /en⁵⁵/, /iaŋ⁵⁵/
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: táng / tín
- Hakka Romanization System: dangˋ / dinˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: dang3 / din3
- Sinological IPA: /taŋ³¹/, /tin³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: dinˊ / dangˊ
- Sinological IPA: /tin²⁴/, /taŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: din3 / dang3
- Sinological IPA: /tin³¹/, /taŋ³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: děng
- Sinological IPA (key): /teiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: tengX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤeŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*teːŋʔ/
Definitions
頂
- top of the head; crown
- top; peak
- to carry on the head
- to prop up; to support (from below)
- to substitute; to replace
- to retort; to talk back
- to butt; to strike (with the head)
- to withstand; to confront
- most; exceedingly; best
- Classifier for objects with a top, such as hats and palanquins. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
- (Southern Min) Classifier for vehicles. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
- (Southern Min) in front; ahead; above; before; previously
- (chiefly Mainland China, Internet slang) to "bump" a forum thread to raise its profile; like; upvote
- (Cantonese, mildly vulgar) damn!
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 頂 (“(classifier for hats)”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of 頂 (“(classifier for canopies, mosquito nets, etc.)”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 頂, 床, 個 | |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 頂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 頂 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 頂 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 頂 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 堂 |
| Dongguan | 堂 | |
| Gan | Lichuan | 頂 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 領 |
| Jinjiang | 領 | |
| Jieyang | 領, 個 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 領, 頂 |
| Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 頂 | |
| Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 領, 頂 | |
| Xianyou | 領 | |
| Xianyou (Fengting) | 領 | |
| Xianyou (Youyang) | 領 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 頂 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 頂 | |
| Suzhou | 頂 | |
| Danyang | 頂 | |
| Hangzhou | 頂 | |
| Wenzhou | 頂 | |
Dialectal synonyms of 頂 (“(classifier for palanquins)”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of 輛 (“(classifier for vehicles)”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of 架 (“(classifier for airplanes)”) [map]
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “to upvote”): 踩 (cǎi)
Compounds
- 一頂 / 一顶
- 三華聚頂 / 三华聚顶
- 丹頂鶴 / 丹顶鹤 (dāndǐnghè)
- 五雷轟頂 / 五雷轰顶
- 倒楣透頂 / 倒楣透顶
- 冒名頂替 / 冒名顶替 (màomíngdǐngtì)
- 出頂 / 出顶
- 千斤頂 / 千斤顶 (qiānjīndǐng)
- 卸頂 / 卸顶
- 圓頂 / 圆顶 (yuándǐng)
- 坪頂 / 坪顶 (Píngdǐng)
- 大頂風 / 大顶风
- 天頂 / 天顶 (tiāndǐng)
- 封頂 / 封顶 (fēngdǐng)
- 小頂人 / 小顶人
- 屋頂 / 屋顶 (wūdǐng)
- 屋頂花園 / 屋顶花园
- 山頂 / 山顶 (shāndǐng)
- 山頂洞人 / 山顶洞人
- 崁頂 / 崁顶 (kàndǐng)
- 平頂 / 平顶
- 戴頂子 / 戴顶子
- 拿大頂 / 拿大顶 (nádàdǐng)
- 挨三頂五 / 挨三顶五
- 捱三頂五 / 捱三顶五
- 捱三頂四 / 捱三顶四
- 摩頂 / 摩顶 (módǐng)
- 摩頂受戒 / 摩顶受戒
- 摩頂受記 / 摩顶受记
- 摩頂放踵 / 摩顶放踵
- 摩頂至足 / 摩顶至足
- 摩頂至踵 / 摩顶至踵
- 朝頂 / 朝顶 (cháodǐng)
- 朱頂 / 朱顶
- 束帶頂冠 / 束带顶冠
- 樓頂 / 楼顶 (lóudǐng)
- 歇頂 / 歇顶
- 沒頂 / 没顶 (mòdǐng)
- 泰山壓頂 / 泰山压顶
- 滅頂 / 灭顶 (mièdǐng)
- 滅頂之災 / 灭顶之灾 (mièdǐngzhīzāi)
- 滿頂 / 满顶
- 灌頂 / 灌顶 (guàndǐng)
- 灰頂 / 灰顶
- 灼背燒頂 / 灼背烧顶
- 烏雲著頂 / 乌云著顶
- 無聊透頂 / 无聊透顶
- 焚香頂禮 / 焚香顶礼
- 片雲遮頂 / 片云遮顶
- 白頂鶴 / 白顶鹤
- 盝頂 / 盝顶
- 磨踵滅頂 / 磨踵灭顶
- 磨頂至踵 / 磨顶至踵
- 秀頂 / 秀顶
- 禿頂 / 秃顶 (tūdǐng)
- 紅頂商人 / 红顶商人 (hóngdǐng shāngrén)
- 紅頂子 / 红顶子 (hóngdǐngzi)
- 絕頂 / 绝顶 (juédǐng)
- 絕頂天 / 绝顶天
- 絕頂聰明 / 绝顶聪明
- 罳頂 / 罳顶
- 聰明絕頂 / 聪明绝顶 (cōngmíngjuédǐng)
- 脫帽露頂 / 脱帽露顶
- 腦瓜頂兒 / 脑瓜顶儿
- 華頂峰 / 华顶峰
- 號頂 / 号顶
- 角頂 / 角顶
- 透頂 / 透顶 (tòudǐng)
- 醍醐灌頂 / 醍醐灌顶 (tíhúguàndǐng)
- 金剛頂經 / 金刚顶经
- 雀頂 / 雀顶
- 頂丁 / 顶丁
- 頂下 / 顶下
- 頂上 / 顶上
- 頂上功夫 / 顶上功夫
- 頂事 / 顶事 (dǐngshì)
- 頂你個肺 / 顶你个肺 (dǐng nǐ ge fèi)
- 頂兇 / 顶凶
- 頂刀頭 / 顶刀头
- 頂名 / 顶名
- 頂名代告 / 顶名代告
- 頂名冒姓 / 顶名冒姓
- 頂呱呱 / 顶呱呱 (dǐngguāguā)
- 頂喪駕靈 / 顶丧驾灵
- 頂嘴 / 顶嘴 (dǐngzuǐ)
- 頂城門 / 顶城门
- 頂多 / 顶多 (dǐngduō)
- 頂天 / 顶天 (dǐngtiān)
- 頂天履地 / 顶天履地
- 頂天立地 / 顶天立地 (dǐngtiānlìdì)
- 頂夸克 (dǐngkuākè)
- 頂好 / 顶好 (dǐnghǎo)
- 頂子 / 顶子
- 頂子床 / 顶子床
- 頂客族 / 顶客族
- 頂尖 / 顶尖 (dǐngjiān)
- 頂尖好手 / 顶尖好手
- 頂峰 / 顶峰 (dǐngfēng)
- 頂戴 / 顶戴 (dǐngdài)
- 頂技 / 顶技
- 頂拜 / 顶拜
- 頂括括 / 顶括括 (dǐngguāguā)
- 頂搭 / 顶搭
- 頂撞 / 顶撞 (dǐngzhuàng)
- 頂數 / 顶数
- 頂替 / 顶替 (dǐngtì)
- 頂格 / 顶格 (dǐnggé)
- 頂梁柱 (dǐngliángzhù)
- 頂棚 / 顶棚 (dǐngpéng)
- 頂樓 / 顶楼 (dǐnglóu)
- 頂橦踏索 / 顶橦踏索
- 頂牛 / 顶牛
- 頂珠 / 顶珠
- 頂瓜皮 / 顶瓜皮
- 頂用 / 顶用 (dǐngyòng)
- 頂癮 / 顶瘾 (dǐngyǐn)
- 頂盤 / 顶盘
- 頂真 / 顶真 (dǐngzhēn)
- 頂真續麻 / 顶真续麻
- 頂磚頭 / 顶砖头
- 頂福 / 顶福 (Dǐngfú)
- 頂禮 / 顶礼 (dǐnglǐ)
- 頂禮膜拜 / 顶礼膜拜 (dǐnglǐmóbài)
- 頂窩兒 / 顶窝儿
- 頂端 / 顶端 (dǐngduān)
- 頂線 / 顶线
- 頂缸 / 顶缸 (dǐnggāng)
- 頂罟 / 顶罟 (Dǐnggǔ)
- 頂罪 / 顶罪 (dǐngzuì)
- 頂老 / 顶老
- 頂膛火 / 顶膛火
- 頂角 / 顶角
- 頂讓 / 顶让 (dǐngràng)
- 頂輩宗圖 / 顶辈宗图
- 頂針 / 顶针 (dǐngzhēn)
- 頂針捱住 / 顶针捱住
- 頂門 / 顶门
- 頂門主顧 / 顶门主顾
- 頂門壯戶 / 顶门壮户
- 頂門子 / 顶门子
- 頂門棍 / 顶门棍
- 頂門腰軟 / 顶门腰软
- 頂門針 / 顶门针
- 頂陽骨 / 顶阳骨
- 頂頭 / 顶头
- 頂頭上司 / 顶头上司
- 頂顛 / 顶颠
- 頂顙 / 顶颡
- 頂風 / 顶风 (dǐngfēng)
- 頂首 / 顶首
- 頂點 / 顶点 (dǐngdiǎn)
- 頭頂 / 头顶 (tóudǐng)
- 頭頂球 / 头顶球
- 頭頂頭 / 头顶头
- 顱頂葉 / 颅顶叶
- 鶴頂紅 / 鹤顶红
- 鹿頂 / 鹿顶
Descendants
Further reading
- “頂”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “顶”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 274.
Japanese
Kanji
頂
Readings
- Go-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)←ちやう (tyau, historical)
- Kan-on: てい (tei)
- Kun: いただく (itadaku, 頂く, Jōyō)、いただき (itadaki, 頂, Jōyō)
Compounds
Noun
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 頂 |
| いただき Grade: 6 |
| kun'yomi |
頂 • (itadaki)
- the top
- 山の頂
- yama no itadaki
- the top of a mountain
- 頂に立つ
- itadaki ni tatsu
- stand on the top
- 山の頂
Antonyms
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 頂 (MC tengX). Recorded as Middle Korean 뎌ᇰ (tyeng) (Yale: tyeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
頂 (eumhun 정수리 정 (jeongsuri jeong))
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
Han character
頂: Hán Nôm readings: đính, đảnh, đỉnh, điếng, đuểnh
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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