𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺

Old Uyghur

Orthographic variants
Uyghur script 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺 (q̈ʾtwn /⁠ḳatun⁠/)
𐽷𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺 (kʾtwn /⁠katun⁠/)[1]
Orkhon script 𐰴𐱃𐰆𐰣 (qt¹un¹ /⁠ḳatun, ḥatun⁠/)
Sogdian script 𐼲𐽆𐼰𐽂𐼰𐼴𐼻 (q̣ʾtʾwn /⁠ḥatun, ḳatun⁠/)
Han script 哈吞 (ngop.thon /⁠ḥatun, ḳaton⁠/)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *xātun (lady), which is borrowed from Sogdian 𐼶𐼴𐽂𐼰𐼷𐼻 (xwtʾwn /⁠⁠xutēn⁠/, queen). Ultimately from Proto-Iranian *hwatā́wniH (queen, lady).

Cognate with Orkhon Turkic 𐰴𐱃𐰆𐰣 (qt¹un¹ /⁠qatun⁠⁠/) and Karakhanid قاتُونْ (qātūn).

Noun

𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺 (qʾtwn /ḥatun/)

  1. woman, adult female human
    Synonyms: 𐽲𐽳𐽺𐽽𐽳𐽶 (qwncwy /⁠ḳunčuy⁠/), 𐽷𐽶𐽿𐽶 (kyšy /⁠kiši⁠/), 𐽲𐽳𐽸𐽳𐽴 (qwdwz /⁠ḳoduz⁠/), 𐽰𐽳𐽴𐽳𐽺𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽳𐽲 (ʾwzwntwnlwq /⁠uzuntonluġ⁠/)
    Coordinate terms: 𐽰𐽾 (ʾr /⁠är⁠/), 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐽷𐽰𐽷 (ʾyrkʾk /⁠erkäk⁠/), 𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽴𐽶 (twnkzy /⁠tuŋze⁠/), 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽶 (ʾwry /⁠urï⁠/)
  2. (sociology) miss, lady, mistress, dame
    Synonyms: 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽶𐽹 (qʾnym /⁠ḥanïm⁠/), 𐽲𐽳𐽺𐽽𐽳𐽶 (qwncwy /⁠ḳunčuy⁠/), 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶𐽹 (tnkrym /⁠täŋrim⁠/)
    Coordinate terms: 𐽼𐽰𐽿𐽽𐽶 (pʾšcy /⁠baščï⁠/), 𐽼𐽰𐽷 (pʾk /⁠bäg⁠/), 𐽰𐽾 (ʾr /⁠är⁠/), 𐽰𐽶𐽸𐽶 (ʾydy /⁠edi⁠/), ܡܪܐ (mrʾ /⁠mara⁠/)
  3. (politics) queen, empress, queen consort, wife of an emperor
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽰 (ʾyyʾ /⁠iyä⁠/), 𐽲𐽳𐽺𐽽𐽳𐽶 (qwncwy /⁠ḳunčuy⁠/)
  4. (religion) female deity
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷 (ʾwyk /⁠ög⁠/), 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶𐽹 (tnkrym /⁠täŋrim⁠/), 𐾀𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽹 (tʾrym /⁠tärim⁠/), 𐽳𐽲𐽿𐽶𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽽 (wqšyqʾnc /⁠uḥšiḳanč⁠/)

Declension

Declension of 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺
singular definite plural
nominative 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺 (qʾtwn) 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (qʾtwnlʾr)
genitive 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (qʾtwnnwnk) 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (qʾtwnlʾrnynk)
dative 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽲𐽰 (qʾtwnqʾ) 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰 (qʾtwnlʾrqʾ)
accusative 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽳𐽲 (qʾtwnwq), 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽺𐽶 (qʾtwnny) 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (qʾtwnlʾryq), 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (qʾtwnlʾrny)
locative 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾀𐽰 (qʾtwntʾ) 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (qʾtwnlʾrtʾ)
ablative 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽺 (qʾtwntyn) 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (qʾtwnlʾrtyn)
instrumental 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽳𐽺 (qʾtwnwn) 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (qʾtwnlʾryn)
equative 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽽𐽰 (qʾtwncʾ)
directive 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳 (qʾtwnqʾrw), 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽾𐽰 (qʾtwnrʾ)
similative 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (qʾtwnlʾyw)

Compound terms

  • 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽳𐽺 𐽷𐽶𐽿𐽶 (qʾtwn kyšy /⁠ḥatun kiši⁠/, woman, girl)

Descendants

  • Western Yugur: ɢadən (gadïn, queen, wife of an important person)

References

  1. ^ A regional variant.
  • Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “ḳatun”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 171
  • Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) hatun”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 279