Leiden

• Leyden (archaic)

Borrowed from Dutch Leiden (see there). Leiden has historically been associated with the Roman outpost Lugdūnum Batāvōrum and so it was thought the name Leiden had to be derived from this Latin name. This particular castellum was however closer to the town of Katwijk, whereas the Roman settlement near modern-day Leiden was called Matilo.^[1]

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈlaɪdən/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈleɪdən/
• Rhymes: -aɪdən, -eɪdən

Leiden

1. A city in South Holland, Netherlands, on the Old Rhine, seat of a famous Dutch university.

• Leyden jar

• Deline, deline, liened, neleid

From Middle Dutch Leiden, older Leithen, originally the name of the village now called Leiderdorp, then transferred to the younger nearby settlement. Formerly hypothesized to be from Middle Dutch lēde (“dyke, drainage channel”), but this is derived from the past stem *lid- of Proto-Germanic *līþaną (“to pass through”), thus requiring an original -d-, not -þ- (see Grammatischer Wechsel). The early ei-spelling also speaks against this derivation. Instead probably from a Frankish *Lagiþon, from Proto-Germanic *laguz (“water”) + the placename suffix *-iþi.

The usual latinisation Lugdunum was taken from the name of a defunct historical settlement north of Katwijk, which was erroneously identified with Leiden. There is in all likelihood no relation between the two names.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɛi̯.də(n)/
• IPA^(key): /ˈlɛi̯.ə/ (locally; traditional, now sometimes affected)

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Lei‧den
• Rhymes: -ɛi̯dən
• Homophones: leiden, lijden

Leiden n

1. Leiden (a city and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands)

   Synonym: Sleutelstad (nickname)

van Berkel, Gerard, Samplonius, Kees (2018) “leiden”, in Nederlandse plaatsnamen verklaard‎^[2] (in Dutch), Mijnbestseller.nl, →ISBN

• IPA^(key): /ˈlaɪ̯dən/, [ˈlaɪ̯dn̩]

• Audio (Austria):

  (file)

Gerund of leiden (“to bear, to endure, to suffer”), a cognate of English lithe.

Leiden n (strong, genitive Leidens, plural Leiden)

1. suffering, pain, grief
2. disease

• Leidenschaft

• Kummer m
• Kümmernis f
• Sorge f
• Trauer f
• Traurigkeit f

Borrowed from Dutch Leiden.

Leiden n (proper noun, genitive Leidens or (optionally with an article) Leiden)

1. Leiden (a city in South Holland, Netherlands)

• Leidener

• “Leiden” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

From Old Dutch *Lagiþon, of Germanic origin, from a derivative of Proto-West Germanic *lagu (“water”).^[1] Not related to Lugdunum, which it is sometimes erroneously connected to.

Leiden

1. Leiden (a city in the modern Netherlands)

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

• Dutch: Leiden

• “Leiden (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000

• Leida

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch Leiden.

Leiden ?

1. Leiden (a city in South Holland, Netherlands)

• garrafa de Leyden