Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/blankaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A late formation from *blinkaną (“to shine, blink”), with the *-i- interpreted as an e-grade vowel. Thus, its formation must have followed the raising of *e to *i before a nasal + consonant, which made this analysis possible.^[1] Doublet of *blaikaz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈblɑŋ.kɑz/

Adjective

*blankaz

bright, shining, white, gleaming, blinding
Synonyms: *blaikaz, *hwītaz

Inflection

Declension of *blankaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*blankaz	*blankō	*blanką, -atō	*blankai	*blankôz	*blankō
accusative	*blankanǭ	*blankǭ	*blanką, -atō	*blankanz	*blankōz	*blankō
genitive	*blankas, -is	*blankaizōz	*blankas, -is	*blankaizǫ̂	*blankaizǫ̂	*blankaizǫ̂
dative	*blankammai	*blankaizōi	*blankammai	*blankaimaz	*blankaimaz	*blankaimaz
instrumental	*blankanō	*blankaizō	*blankanō	*blankaimiz	*blankaimiz	*blankaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*blankô	*blankǭ	*blankô	*blankaniz	*blankōniz	*blankōnō
accusative	*blankanų	*blankōnų	*blankô	*blankanunz	*blankōnunz	*blankōnō
genitive	*blankiniz	*blankōniz	*blankiniz	*blankanǫ̂	*blankōnǫ̂	*blankanǫ̂
dative	*blankini	*blankōni	*blankini	*blankammaz	*blankōmaz	*blankammaz
instrumental	*blankinē	*blankōnē	*blankinē	*blankammiz	*blankōmiz	*blankammiz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *blank
- Old English: blanc
  - ⇒ Old English: blanca, blonca (“white horse”)
    - Middle English: blanke, blonke
      - Scots: blonk (“steed”)
      - English: blank (“horse, steed”) (obsolete)
- Old Frisian: blank
  - Saterland Frisian: blonk
  - West Frisian: blank
- Old Saxon: *blank
  - Middle Low German: blank
    - German Low German: blank
    - → Old Norse: blankr
      - Icelandic: blankur
      - Faroese: blankur
      - Norwegian: blank
      - Old Swedish: blanker
        Swedish: blank
      - Old Danish: blank
        Danish: blank
      - Elfdalian: blaunk
      - Gutnish: blankar
      - Scanian: blánker
- Frankish: *blank
  - Old Dutch: *blanc
    - Middle Dutch: blanc
      - Dutch: blank
      - Limburgish: blank
- Old High German: blanch, blank
  - Middle High German: blank
    - German: blank
    - Luxembourgish: blank
    - Vilamovian: błān
- → Medieval Latin: blancus (see there for further descendants)
Old Norse: blakkr
- Icelandic: blakkur
- Faroese: blakkur
- Norwegian: blakk
- Old Swedish: blakker
  - Swedish: black
- Old Danish: blak
  - Danish: blak
- Elfdalian: blokk

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*blanka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 67

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*blanka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 67

[1]

blaikaz, blankaz, hwītaz, blasaz	falwaz, grēwaz, haswaz, grīsaz, *hairaz	blakaz, swartaz
*raudaz	brūnaz, erpaz, *dusnaz	gelwaz, gulaz
*grōniz	*grōniz
	*blēwaz	blēwaz, hēwijaz
blēwaz, hēwijaz	*baswaz