Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hairaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-ro-s (“grey, dark”). Cognate with Old Irish cīar (“dark”), as well as probably Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”).[1]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈxɑi̯.rɑz/

    Adjective

    *hairaz[1]

    1. grey
    2. (figurative) aged; old; lofty; distinguished

    Inflection

    Declension of *hairaz (a-stem)
    Strong declension
    singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *hairaz *hairō *hairą, -atō *hairai *hairôz *hairō
    accusative *hairanǭ *hairǭ *hairą, -atō *hairanz *hairōz *hairō
    genitive *hairas, -is *hairaizōz *hairas, -is *hairaizǫ̂ *hairaizǫ̂ *hairaizǫ̂
    dative *hairammai *hairaizōi *hairammai *hairaimaz *hairaimaz *hairaimaz
    instrumental *hairanō *hairaizō *hairanō *hairaimiz *hairaimiz *hairaimiz
    Weak declension
    singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *hairô *hairǭ *hairô *hairaniz *hairōniz *hairōnō
    accusative *hairanų *hairōnų *hairô *hairanunz *hairōnunz *hairōnō
    genitive *hairiniz *hairōniz *hairiniz *hairanǫ̂ *hairōnǫ̂ *hairanǫ̂
    dative *hairini *hairōni *hairini *hairammaz *hairōmaz *hairammaz
    instrumental *hairinē *hairōnē *hairinē *hairammiz *hairōmiz *hairammiz

    Descendants

    • Proto-West Germanic: *hair
      • Old English: hār
        • Middle English: hor
      • Old Frisian: hār
      • Old Dutch: hēr
      • Old High German: hēr
    • Old Norse: hárr
      • Icelandic: hár
      • →? Old French: haraz (“troop of horses”) (see there for further descendants)
    • → Old Galician-Portuguese: herru

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*haira-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201

    See also

    Colors in Proto-Germanic · *farwôz (layout · text)
         *blaikaz, *blankaz, *hwītaz, *blasaz      *falwaz, *grēwaz, *haswaz, *grīsaz, *hairaz      *blakaz, *swartaz
                 *raudaz              *brūnaz, *erpaz, *dusnaz              *gelwaz, *gulaz
                 *grōniz              *grōniz             
                              *blēwaz              *blēwaz, *hēwijaz
                 *blēwaz, *hēwijaz              *baswaz             
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