Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīsaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown. Often related to *grēwaz, which would require a pre-form *greh₁-is-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (to grow; to become green). This is highly speculative, however.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɣriː.sɑz/

Adjective

*grīsaz[1]

  1. grey
    Synonym: *grēwaz
  2. terrible; frightening

Inflection

Declension of *grīsaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *grīsaz *grīsō *grīsą, -atō *grīsai *grīsôz *grīsō
accusative *grīsanǭ *grīsǭ *grīsą, -atō *grīsanz *grīsōz *grīsō
genitive *grīsas, -is *grīsaizōz *grīsas, -is *grīsaizǫ̂ *grīsaizǫ̂ *grīsaizǫ̂
dative *grīsammai *grīsaizōi *grīsammai *grīsaimaz *grīsaimaz *grīsaimaz
instrumental *grīsanō *grīsaizō *grīsanō *grīsaimiz *grīsaimiz *grīsaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *grīsô *grīsǭ *grīsô *grīsaniz *grīsōniz *grīsōnō
accusative *grīsanų *grīsōnų *grīsô *grīsanunz *grīsōnunz *grīsōnō
genitive *grīsiniz *grīsōniz *grīsiniz *grīsanǫ̂ *grīsōnǫ̂ *grīsanǫ̂
dative *grīsini *grīsōni *grīsini *grīsammaz *grīsōmaz *grīsammaz
instrumental *grīsinē *grīsōnē *grīsinē *grīsammiz *grīsōmiz *grīsammiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *grīs
    • Old Frisian: grīs
      • Saterland Frisian: gries
      • West Frisian: griis
    • Old Saxon: grīs
      • Middle Low German: grîs
        • German Low German: gries
        • Plautdietsch: jriess
    • Old Dutch: *grīs
    • Old High German: grīs
    • Gallo-Romance:

See also

Colors in Proto-Germanic · *farwôz (layout · text)
     *blaikaz, *blankaz, *hwītaz, *blasaz      *falwaz, *grēwaz, *haswaz, *grīsaz, *hairaz      *blakaz, *swartaz
             *raudaz              *brūnaz, *erpaz, *dusnaz              *gelwaz, *gulaz
             *grōniz              *grōniz             
                          *blēwaz              *blēwaz, *hēwijaz
             *blēwaz, *hēwijaz              *baswaz             

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*grīsa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 191