Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wīdaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *h₁weydʰh₁os (“set apart, asunder, in two”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwi- (“two”) (see *dwóh₁) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put”), apparently with dissimilation of the first d-.^[1] Cognate with Proto-Germanic *widuwǭ (“widow”), *widuz (“wood”), Proto-Celtic *weidus (“wild”) and Latin dīvidō (“separate, sunder”), vītō (“avoid, shun”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈwiː.ðɑz/

Adjective

*wīdaz

wide
broad

Inflection

Declension of *wīdaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*wīdaz	*wīdō	*wīdą, -atō	*wīdai	*wīdôz	*wīdō
accusative	*wīdanǭ	*wīdǭ	*wīdą, -atō	*wīdanz	*wīdōz	*wīdō
genitive	*wīdas, -is	*wīdaizōz	*wīdas, -is	*wīdaizǫ̂	*wīdaizǫ̂	*wīdaizǫ̂
dative	*wīdammai	*wīdaizōi	*wīdammai	*wīdaimaz	*wīdaimaz	*wīdaimaz
instrumental	*wīdanō	*wīdaizō	*wīdanō	*wīdaimiz	*wīdaimiz	*wīdaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*wīdô	*wīdǭ	*wīdô	*wīdaniz	*wīdōniz	*wīdōnō
accusative	*wīdanų	*wīdōnų	*wīdô	*wīdanunz	*wīdōnunz	*wīdōnō
genitive	*wīdiniz	*wīdōniz	*wīdiniz	*wīdanǫ̂	*wīdōnǫ̂	*wīdanǫ̂
dative	*wīdini	*wīdōni	*wīdini	*wīdammaz	*wīdōmaz	*wīdammaz
instrumental	*wīdinē	*wīdōnē	*wīdinē	*wīdammiz	*wīdōmiz	*wīdammiz

Derived terms

*wīdijaną
*wīdiþō
*wīdô

Related terms

*widuwǭ

Descendants

Old English: wīd
- Middle English: wid, wyd
  - Scots: wyd, wid
  - English: wide
Old Frisian: wīd
- Saterland Frisian: wied
- North Frisian: widj
- West Frisian: wiid
Old Saxon: wīd
- Middle Low German: wīt
  - Low German: wied
    Westphalian:
    Münsterländisch: wyt
    
    Paderbornisch: weyt, wyt
    
    Sauerländisch: weyt
Old Dutch: *wīd
- Middle Dutch: wijt
  - Dutch: wijd
    - Afrikaans: wyd
Old High German: wīt
- Middle High German: wīt
  - Central Franconian: weck, wick, wiet, weit
    - Luxembourgish: wäit (“far”), weit (“wide”)
  - German: weit
  - Yiddish: ווײַט (vayt)
Old Norse: víðr
- Icelandic: víður
- Faroese: víður
- Norwegian Nynorsk: vid
- Old Swedish: vīþer, widher
  - Swedish: vid
- Danish: vid
  - Norwegian Bokmål: vid
→ Proto-Samic: *vijδēs (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*wīda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 584-5

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*wīda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 584-5

[1]