Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/warjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to heed”). Cognate with Sanskrit वृणोति (vṛṇóti, “to cover, stop”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈwɑr.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*warjaną

  1. to ward off, to defend against
  2. to thwart, to stop

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *warjō *warjaų — *warjai ?
2nd singular *warisi *warjais *wari *warjasai *warjaisau
3rd singular *wariþi *warjai *warjaþau *warjaþai *warjaiþau
1st dual *warjōs *warjaiw — — —
2nd dual *warjaþiz *warjaiþiz *warjaþiz — —
1st plural *warjamaz *warjaim — *warjanþai *warjainþau
2nd plural *wariþ *warjaiþ *wariþ *warjanþai *warjainþau
3rd plural *warjanþi *warjain *warjanþau *warjanþai *warjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *waridǭ *waridēdį̄
2nd singular *waridēz *waridēdīz
3rd singular *waridē *waridēdī
1st dual *waridēdū *waridēdīw
2nd dual *waridēdudiz *waridēdīdiz
1st plural *waridēdum *waridēdīm
2nd plural *waridēdud *waridēdīd
3rd plural *waridēdun *waridēdīn
present past
participles *warjandz *waridaz

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*warjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 574
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