Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/torgay

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

If the suffix *-gay is also used in *kïrguy, then possibly derived from unknown root *tor-, which then makes it comparable to Proto-Tungusic *turākī (“raven, crow”). ( compare Evenki тураки (turaki, “turaki”)). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*torgay

small bird, lark

Declension

Declension of *torgay
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*torgay
accusative	torgayïg, torgaynï¹⁾
genitive	*torgaynïŋ
dative	*torgayka
locative	*torgayda
ablative	*torgaydan
allative	*torgaygaru
instrumental ²⁾	*torgayïn
equative ²⁾	*torgayča
similative ²⁾	*torgaylayu
comitative ²⁾	*torgaylïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: тӑри (tări)
Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: تورغای (torġay)
    - Azerbaijani: torağay
    - Ottoman Turkish: طویغار (“toygar”)
      - Turkish: toygar, turgay, Toygar (“a male given name”), Turgay (“a male given name”)
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: torgaý
Karluk:
- Chagatai: تورغای (torğay)
  - Uzbek: toʻrgʻay
  - Uyghur: تورغاي (torghay)
  - → Persian: ترغای (torġây), ترغی (torġay), تورغای (turġây)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: турғай (turğay)
  - Tatar: тургай (turgay)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: torğay
- South Kipchak:
  - Kazakh: торғай (torğai)
  - ⇒ Nogai: боз торгай (boz torgay)
  - → Kalmyk: торһа (torğa)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: торгой (torgoy)
  - ⇒ Southern Altai: бос торкой (bos torkoy)
Siberian:
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: туйаар (tuyaar)


dog: *ï̄t	hunting dog: *eker	hen: *tiakïgu
lark: *torgay	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	quail: *bïldurčïn
sparrow: *serče	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	goose: *kāŕ
wolf: *bȫrü	cow: *ingek	calf: *buŕagu
camel: *tebe	young of camel: kȫĺek, botu	horse: *at
foal: *kulun	worm: *kūrt	snake: *yï̄lan
fox: *tilkü	goat: *keči	he-goat: *teke
lion: *arsïlan	fish: *bālïk	carp bream: *čapak
donkey: *eĺčgek	carp: *siāŕgan	catfish: *yāyïn
beaver: *kunduŕ	hedgehog: *kirpi	badger: *borsmuk
fly, mosquito: *siŋek	wasp, bee: *ārï	gadfly: *bȫgen
moth: *küńe	louse: *bït	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
yak: *kotuz	colt: *sïp	dragon: *siāŕgan
worm: *kūrt	deer: keyik, sïgun, bulan, bugu	lizard: *keleŕ

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*torgay”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 490
Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 550