Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kulun

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Perhaps may be comparable to Proto-Mongolic *kulan (“ass”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*kulun

foal (baby horse)

Declension

Declension of *kulun
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*kulun
accusative	kulunug, kulunnï¹⁾
genitive	*kulunnuŋ
dative	*kulunka
locative	*kulunta
ablative	*kuluntan
allative	*kulungaru
instrumental ²⁾	*kulunun
equative ²⁾	*kulunča
similative ²⁾	*kulunlayu
comitative ²⁾	*kulunlugu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Derived terms

*kulunčak
- Kazakh: құлыншақ (qūlynşaq)
- Tofa: һулуньҷаӄ (hulunjak)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: хӑм (hăm)
Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz: *kulun
- West Oghuz:
  - Azerbaijani: qulun, qulan
  - Ottoman Turkish: قولون (kulun)
    - Turkish: kulun
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: gulun
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: قُلُنْ (qulun)
  - Uyghur: قۇلۇن (qulun)
  - Uzbek: qulun
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ҡолон (qolon)
  - Tatar: колын (qolın)
- West Kipchak:
  - Kumyk: къулан (qulan)
- South Kipchak:
  - Nogai: кулын (kulın)
  - Kazakh: құлын (qūlyn)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: кулун (kulun)
  - Southern Altai: кулун (kulun)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: 𐰴𐰆𐰞𐰆𐰣 (qul¹un¹)
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: кулун (kulun)
  - Yakut: кулун (kulun)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: һулун (hulun)
    - Tuvan: хулун (xulun)
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: хулун (xulun)
    - Shor: қулун (qulun)


dog: *ï̄t	hunting dog: *eker	hen: *tiakïgu
lark: *torgay	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	quail: *bïldurčïn
sparrow: *serče	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	goose: *kāŕ
wolf: *bȫrü	cow: *ingek	calf: *buŕagu
camel: *tebe	young of camel: kȫĺek, botu	horse: *at
foal: *kulun	worm: *kūrt	snake: *yï̄lan
fox: *tilkü	goat: *keči	he-goat: *teke
lion: *arsïlan	fish: *bālïk	carp bream: *čapak
donkey: *eĺčgek	carp: *siāŕgan	catfish: *yāyïn
beaver: *kunduŕ	hedgehog: *kirpi	badger: *borsmuk
fly, mosquito: *siŋek	wasp, bee: *ārï	gadfly: *bȫgen
moth: *küńe	louse: *bït	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
yak: *kotuz	colt: *sïp	dragon: *siāŕgan
worm: *kūrt	deer: keyik, sïgun, bulan, bugu	lizard: *keleŕ

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 622
Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Indrik, pages 132-133
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kulum”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 506-507