Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dur

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *durz.

Noun

*dur f

door, hatch, flap

Reconstruction notes

No West Germanic language preserves the consonant stem inflection intact, descendants variously reflect a u-stem and an i-stem. Old Norse however reflects a consonant stem plurale tantum, which is likely the source of the i-stem inflection in Old High German and Old Dutch. Old English and Old Saxon show a u-stem noun, which can derive from the original accusative singular and dative plural.

Inflection

Consonant stem
	Singular
Nominative	*dur
Genitive	*duri
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*dur	*duri
Accusative	*duru	*duri
Genitive	*duri	*dorō
Dative	*duri	*durum
Instrumental	*duri	*durum

Related terms

*dor

Descendants

Old English: duru, doru
- Middle English: dore, doire, dure, dur, dirre
  - English: door
    - Sranan Tongo: doro
  - Scots: dure, dur
  - Yola: dher
Old Frisian: dure, dore
- North Frisian:
  - Föhr-Amrum: dör
  - Mooring, Sylt: döör
- Saterland Frisian: Doore
- West Frisian: doar
Old Saxon: duru
- Middle Low German: dȫr, dȫre
  - Low German: Dör
    - German Low German: Door, Döör
      Hamburgisch: Dör
      Westphalian:
      Westmünsterländisch: Dööre, Döör
  - Plautdietsch: Däa
Old Dutch: duri, dura
- Middle Dutch: dōre
  - Dutch: deur
  - Limburgish: däör
  - West Flemish: deure
  - Zealandic: deur, deure
Old High German: turi
- Middle High German: tür, tur, ture, dur, dor
  - Alemannic German: Tüür, Tiire (Uri), Dire
  - Bavarian: Dia, Tia
    - Cimbrian: tür
    - Mòcheno: tir
  - Central Franconian: Dür
    - Hunsrik: Deer
    - Luxembourgish: Dier
  - East Central German: Thüar (Egerländisch)
    - Upper Saxon German: Düre
  - German: Tür, Türe
  - Rhine Franconian: Deer, Diir
    - Pennsylvania German: Dier
  - Yiddish: טיר (tir)