cuman
See also: Cuman
Old Dutch
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną.
Verb
cuman
- to come
- c. 900 CE, Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen [The Old Middle and Old Low Franconian psalms and glosses]:
- Gehōri gebet mīn, te thī alla fleisc cuman sal.
- Hear my prayer, every mortal shall come to you.
- c. 1100 CE, Rhinelandic Rhyming Bible:
- Sint quāmen se beithe zo Rōme, thār se gemartholot wurthen van Nerōne.
- Thereafter they both came to Rome, where they were tortured by Nero.
- c. 900 CE, Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen [The Old Middle and Old Low Franconian psalms and glosses]:
Inflection
Conjugation of cuman (strong class 4 irregular)
| infinitive | cuman | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st person singular | cumo, cumon | quam |
| 2nd person singular | cumis | quāmi |
| 3rd person singular | cumit | quam |
| 1st person plural | cumun | quāmon |
| 2nd person plural | cumit | quāmot |
| 3rd person plural | cumunt | quāmon |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st person singular | cume | quāmi |
| 2nd person singular | cumis | quāmi |
| 3rd person singular | cume | quāmi |
| 1st person plural | cumin | quāmin |
| 2nd person plural | cumit | quāmit |
| 3rd person plural | cumin | quāmin |
| imperative | present | |
| singular | cum | |
| plural | cumet | |
| participle | present | past |
| cumandi | cuman, gicuman | |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Middle Dutch: cōmen
Further reading
- “kuman”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt (“to step”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈku.mɑn/
Verb
cuman
- to come
- Hē cōm hām ġiestran niht swīðe late.
- He came home last night so late.
- Hwanon cōme þū?
- Where did you come from?
- c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Purification of St. Mary"
- Ēlā, hwænne cymð sē Hǣlend?
- Ah! when will the Saviour come?
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint George, Martyr"
- Hāt cuman tō mē þone cristenan mann...
- Bid the Christian man come to me,...
- c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Greater Litany"
- Wē sind eall cuman on þissum līfe, and ūre eard nis nā hēr, ac wē sind hēr swelċe weġfērende menn. Ān cymþ, ōðer færeþ. Sē biþ ācenned, sē ōðer forþfæreþ and rȳmþ him setl.
- We are all guests in this life, and our home is not here, but we're here as wayfaring people. One person comes, another goes. One is born, another dies and makes them room.
Usage notes
"To come to [do something]" is often expressed with the bare infinitive: Wē cōmon þā sunnan stelan ("We came to steal the sun").
Conjugation
Conjugation of cuman (strong, class IV)
| infinitive | cuman | cumenne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
| first person singular | cume | cōm, cwōm |
| second person singular | cymest, cymst | cōme, cwōme |
| third person singular | cymeþ, cymþ | cōm, cwōm |
| plural | cumaþ | cōmon, cwōmon |
| subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
| singular | cume | cōme, cwōme |
| plural | cumen | cōmen, cwōmen |
| imperative | ||
| singular | cum | |
| plural | cumaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| cumende | (ġe)cumen, (ġe)cymen | |
Derived terms
Descendants
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
cuman m
- milking pail