Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwemaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From the aorist subjunctive of Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt (“to take a step, arrive”), from *gʷem- (“to step”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkʷe.mɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kwemaną[2][3][4]

  1. to come

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 4)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kwemō *kwemaų — *kwemai ?
2nd singular *kwimizi *kwemaiz *kwem *kwemazai *kwemaizau
3rd singular *kwimidi *kwemai *kwemadau *kwemadai *kwemaidau
1st dual *kwemōz *kwemaiw — — —
2nd dual *kwemadiz *kwemaidiz *kwemadiz — —
1st plural *kwemamaz *kwemaim — *kwemandai *kwemaindau
2nd plural *kwimid *kwemaid *kwimid *kwemandai *kwemaindau
3rd plural *kwemandi *kwemain *kwemandau *kwemandai *kwemaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kwam *kwēmį̄
2nd singular *kwamt *kwēmīz
3rd singular *kwam *kwēmī
1st dual *kwēmū *kwēmīw
2nd dual *kwēmudiz *kwēmīdiz
1st plural *kwēmum *kwēmīm
2nd plural *kwēmud *kwēmīd
3rd plural *kwēmun *kwēmīn
present past
participles *kwemandz *kumanaz

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 160
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kweman- ~ *kuman-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 316
  3. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*kwemanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 227
  4. ^ Seebold, Elmar (1970) “KWEM-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 315
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