ellen

• elne

From Middle English elne, ellen, from Old English ellen (“zeal, strength, power, vigor, valor, courage, fortitude, strife, contention”), from Proto-West Germanic *alljan, from Proto-Germanic *aljaną (“zeal, power, courage”). Cognate with Middle High German ellen (“strength, manhood”), Middle Low German ellen (“strength, power, courage, vigor, bravery”), Icelandic elja (“endurance, energy”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛl.ən/
• Rhymes: -ɛlən

ellen (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) Zeal.
2. (obsolete) Strength; courage.
3. (theology) Strength vouchsafed; comfort; grace.

ellen c

1. definite singular of el

• Audio:

  (file)

ellen

1. plural of el

Univerbation of ellä (“if”) (dialectal) +‎ en

• IPA^(key): /ˈelːen/, [ˈe̞lːe̞n]
• Rhymes: -elːen
• Syllabification^(key): el‧len
• Hyphenation^(key): el‧len

ellen

1. if I not, unless I

   Ellen syö, jään nälkäiseksi.

   If I don't eat, I will stay hungry.

• jollen

• ellet
• ellei
• ellemme
• ellette
• elleivät

• IPA^(key): [ˈɛlːɛn]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: el‧len
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Lexicalization of el-, ele- (stem variants of elő-) + -n (locative suffix). Since the language reform, it is also used as a verbal prefix (see ellen-). As the first part of compound words it is mostly patterned after Latin contra (“against”) and German gegen (“against”).^[1]

ellen

1. against

This term may also be part of the split form of a verb prefixed with ellen-, occurring when the main verb does not follow the prefix directly. It can be interpreted only with the related verb form, irrespective of its position in the sentence, e.g. meg tudták volna nézni (“they could have seen it”, from megnéz). For verbs with this prefix, see ellen-; for an overview, Appendix:Hungarian verbal prefixes.

Back-formation from ellenség.^[2]

ellen (plural ellenek)

1. (archaic or literary) enemy, opponent

   Synonyms: ellenség, ellenfél

• Appendix:Hungarian postpositions

• (against): ellen in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
• ([archaic] enemy): ellen in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
• ellen in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

From Old High German elilenti. Compare German elend.

• IPA^(key): /ˈælen/, [ˈælən]

ellen (masculine ellenen, neuter ellent, comparative méi ellen, superlative am ellensten)

1. ugly

ellen

1. alternative form of elne (“ell”)

ellen

1. alternative form of elne (“power”)

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈeːllen/

ēllen

1. first-person singular past indicative of eallit

From Proto-West Germanic *alljan. Cognate with Old Saxon ellan, Old High German ellan, Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (aljan), Old Norse eljan (Icelandic elja).

• IPA^(key): /ˈel.len/, [ˈeɫ.ɫen]

ellen n or m

2. strength, courage, bravery
   • 10th century, The Wanderer:

     Til biþ sē þe his trēowe ġehealdeþ, · ne sċeal nǣfre his torn tō ryċene
     beorn of his brēostum ācȳþan, · nemþe hē ǣr þā bōte cunne,
     eorl mid elne ġefremman. · Wel bið þām þe him āre sēċeð,
     frōfre tō fæder on heofonum, · þǣr ūs eal sēo fæstnung stondeð.

     Good is that keeps his belief, should not ever unfold his wrath,
     fighter of his breasts, too quickly, unless before this help he would
     know how to help out a man with strength. It's good for him who seeks
     help from the Father in heavens, where this whole fastening stands for us.

when neuter (as always in poetry): Strong a-stem:

when masculine: Strong a-stem:

• Middle English: elne, ellen
  • English: elne, ellen

• ellern, elren, ellæn, ellærn

ellen

1. (relational) elder tree, elder wood

ellen n (nominative plural ellen)

2. elder tree

Strong a-stem:

• Middle English: ellern, eller, eldre, eldrn, elder, ellen (Early Middle English)
  • English: elder
  • Yola: ellena