firma
Catalan
Verb
firma
- inflection of firmar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Classical Nahuatl
Etymology
Noun
fīrma
- A signature.
- 1586: testimony of Don Juan
- auh yn don diego de velasco ynic quineltilia huel ymatica quitlalia yn ifirma yhuã ytoca
- But to verify it don Diego de Velasco with his very own hand places here his signature and name.-
- 1645: sale of house and land by Agustín de Santiago to Juan Gómez Monteagudo, Spaniard, and wife
- ypanpa nican nictlallia nofirma
- wherefore I set down here my signature
- 1720: confirmation of the status of fields belonging to Santa Elena
- ca nican tictlalia yn tofirma
- Here we set down our signatures
- 1586: testimony of Don Juan
References
- Lockhart, James (1991) Nahuas and Spaniards: Postconquest Central Mexican History and Philology, Stanford: Stanford University Press, pages 87, 100, 104
Crimean Tatar
Etymology
From Italian firma (“signature of a company”).
Noun
firma
Declension
nominative | firma |
---|---|
genitive | firmanıñ |
dative | firmağa |
accusative | firmanı |
locative | firmada |
ablative | firmadan |
References
- Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary][1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
Czech
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈfɪrma]
Audio: (file)
Noun
firma f
- firm (business)
Declension
Related terms
- firemní
- známá firma
See also
Further reading
- “firma”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “firma”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
Danish
Etymology
Via Italian firma, from Latin firmāre.
Noun
firma n (singular definite firmaet, plural indefinite firmaer)
- (business) a company, a firm
- Synonym: forretning
Declension
neuter gender |
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | firma | firmaet | firmaer | firmaerne |
genitive | firmas | firmaets | firmaers | firmaernes |
Derived terms
- advokatfirma
- arkitektfirma
- edb-firma
- entreprenørfirma
- firmafest
- firmahold
- firmakultur
- firmalogo
- firmaskovtur
- handelsfirma
- ingeniørfirma
- konsulentfirma
- medicinalfirma
- tegne firmaet
- transportfirma
References
- “firma” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
Etymology
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Noun
firma f (plural firma's, diminutive firmaatje n)
- a large-scale company, a firm
Synonyms
Descendants
- → Indonesian: firma
Esperanto
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfirma/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -irma
- Hyphenation: fir‧ma
Adjective
firma (accusative singular firman, plural firmaj, accusative plural firmajn)
- firm (solid, fixed, or steadfast)
Estonian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
firma (genitive firma, partitive firmat)
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | firma | firmad |
genitive | firma | firmade |
partitive | firmat | firmasid |
illative | firmasse | firmadesse |
inessive | firmas | firmades |
elative | firmast | firmadest |
allative | firmale | firmadele |
adessive | firmal | firmadel |
ablative | firmalt | firmadelt |
translative | firmaks | firmadeks |
terminative | firmani | firmadeni |
essive | firmana | firmadena |
abessive | firmata | firmadeta |
comitative | firmaga | firmadega |
Further reading
- “firma”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
- “firma”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
- “firma”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
- firma in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
Finnish
Etymology
From German Firma, from Italian firma (“signature”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfirmɑ/, [ˈfirmɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -irmɑ
- Syllabification(key): fir‧ma
- Hyphenation(key): fir‧ma
Noun
firma
- (informal) firm, company, business
- (military slang) the Finnish Defense Forces
Declension
Inflection of firma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | firma | firmat | |
genitive | firman | firmojen | |
partitive | firmaa | firmoja | |
illative | firmaan | firmoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | firma | firmat | |
accusative | nom. | firma | firmat |
gen. | firman | ||
genitive | firman | firmojen firmain rare | |
partitive | firmaa | firmoja | |
inessive | firmassa | firmoissa | |
elative | firmasta | firmoista | |
illative | firmaan | firmoihin | |
adessive | firmalla | firmoilla | |
ablative | firmalta | firmoilta | |
allative | firmalle | firmoille | |
essive | firmana | firmoina | |
translative | firmaksi | firmoiksi | |
abessive | firmatta | firmoitta | |
instructive | — | firmoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of firma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
Further reading
- “firma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023
Anagrams
Galician
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfiɾma/ [ˈfiɾ.mɐ]
- Rhymes: -iɾma
- Hyphenation: fir‧ma
Etymology 1
From Old Galician-Portuguese firma. Deverbal from firmar.
Noun
firma f (plural firmas)
Related terms
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “firma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “firma”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “firma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “firma”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “firma”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Etymology 2
Verb
firma
- inflection of firmar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Guinea-Bissau Creole
Etymology
From Portuguese firmar-se.
Verb
firma
- to stand
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutch firma, from Italian firma, from Latin firmāre, from firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). Doublet of darma and derma.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈfɪrma]
- Hyphenation: fir‧ma
Noun
firma (plural firma-firma)
Further reading
- “firma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Italian
Etymology 1
Back-formation from firmare, from Latin firmāre, from firmus; cognates include English firm (adjective). Doublet of dharma.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfir.ma/
- Rhymes: -irma
- Hyphenation: fìr‧ma
Noun
firma f (plural firme)
- signature (a person's name, written by that person, used as identification or to signify approval of accompanying material, such as a legal contract)
- signature (an act of signing one's name)
Descendants
- → Bulgarian: фи́рма (fírma)
- → Crimean Tatar: firma
- → Czech: firma
- → Danish: firma
- → Dutch: firma
- → Indonesian: firma
- → English: firm (noun)
- → Finnish: firma
- → Georgian: ფირმა (pirma)
- → German: Firma
- → Macedonian: фирма (firma)
- → Northern Kurdish: fîrma
- → Norwegian:
- → Polish: firma
- → Portuguese: firma
- → Russian: фи́рма (fírma)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Swedish: firma
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
firma
- inflection of firmare:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Further reading
- firma in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams
Latin
Etymology 1
There is debate as to whether Medieval Latin acquired this term from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”), or from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). If the former etymology is correct, the term is related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor”).
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈfɪr.ma]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈfir.ma]
Noun
firma f (genitive firmae); first declension (Medieval Latin)
Declension
First-declension noun.
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | firma | firmae |
genitive | firmae | firmārum |
dative | firmae | firmīs |
accusative | firmam | firmās |
ablative | firmā | firmīs |
vocative | firma | firmae |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Old French: ferme
- Middle French: ferme
- → Middle English: ferme, farme, ferm, fyrme (Late Middle English), feorme, veorme (Early Middle English) (in part)
- Occitan: ferma
References
- "firma", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to enjoy good health: bona (firma, prospera) valetudine esse or uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
- a good constitution: firma corporis constitutio or affectio
- to enjoy good health: bona (firma, prospera) valetudine esse or uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- firma: (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈfɪr.ma]
- firma: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈfir.ma]
- firmā: (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈfɪr.maː]
- firmā: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈfir.ma]
Adjective
firma
- inflection of firmus:
- feminine nominative/vocative singular
- neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural
Adjective
firmā
- ablative feminine singular of firmus
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Latin firmāre, via Italian firma.
Noun
firma n (definite singular firmaet, indefinite plural firma or firmaer, definite plural firmaene)
Synonyms
Derived terms
References
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Latin firmāre, via Italian firma.
Noun
firma n (definite singular firmaet, indefinite plural firma, definite plural firmaa)
Synonyms
Derived terms
References
- “firma” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish
Etymology
Borrowed from Italian firma, from Latin firmāre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfir.ma/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -irma
- Syllabification: fir‧ma
Noun
firma f
- company (in legal context, a corporation)
Declension
Derived terms
- firmowy
Further reading
- firma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- firma in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈfiʁ.mɐ/ [ˈfiɦ.mɐ]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ˈfiɾ.mɐ/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈfiʁ.mɐ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈfiɻ.ma/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈfiɾ.mɐ/
- Rhymes: (Portugal, São Paulo) -iɾmɐ, (most of Brazil) -iʁmɐ, (Southern Brazil) -iɻma
- Hyphenation: fir‧ma
Etymology 1
From Italian firma (“signature”), from Latin firmāre (“to make firm, strengthen, fortify”).
Noun
firma f (plural firmas)
Related terms
Etymology 2
Verb
firma
- inflection of firmar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Romanian
Noun
firma f
- definite nominative/accusative singular of firmă
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Borrowed from Italian firma (“signature”), from Latin firmāre (“to make firm, strengthen, fortify”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fîːrma/
- Hyphenation: fir‧ma
Noun
fȋrma f (Cyrillic spelling фи̑рма)
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | firma | firme |
genitive | firme | firmi |
dative | firmi | firmama |
accusative | firmu | firme |
vocative | firmo | firme |
locative | firmi | firmama |
instrumental | firmom | firmama |
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfiɾma/ [ˈfiɾ.ma]
Audio (Colombia): (file) - Rhymes: -iɾma
- Syllabification: fir‧ma
Etymology 1
Deverbal from firmar (“to sign”).
Noun
firma f (plural firmas)
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Bikol Central: pirma
- → Classical Nahuatl: fīrma
- → Tagalog: pirma
- → Yogad: firma
- → Zoogocho Zapotec: firm
See also
Etymology 2
Verb
firma
- inflection of firmar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Further reading
- “firma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024
Swedish
Etymology
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Noun
firma c
Declension
nominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | firma | firmas |
definite | firman | firmans | |
plural | indefinite | firmor | firmors |
definite | firmorna | firmornas |
Derived terms
Turkish
Etymology
Noun
firma (definite accusative firmayı, plural firmalar)
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | firma | firmalar |
definite accusative | firmayı | firmaları |
dative | firmaya | firmalara |
locative | firmada | firmalarda |
ablative | firmadan | firmalardan |
genitive | firmanın | firmaların |
Yogad
Etymology
Noun
firma