winden
See also: Winden
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch winden, from Old Dutch *windan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną.
Verb
winden
- to wind (turn coils of something around)
Conjugation
Conjugation of winden (strong class 3a) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | winden | |||
past singular | wond | |||
past participle | gewonden | |||
infinitive | winden | |||
gerund | winden n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | wind | wond | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | windt, wind2 | wond | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | windt | wond | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | windt | wondt | ||
3rd person singular | windt | wond | ||
plural | winden | wonden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | winde | wonde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | winden | wonden | ||
imperative sing. | wind | |||
imperative plur.1 | windt | |||
participles | windend | gewonden | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: wind
Etymology 2
Noun
winden
- plural of wind
German
Etymology
From Middle High German winden, from Old High German wintan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną. Cognate with Low German and Dutch winden, English wind, Danish vinde, Swedish vinda.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈvɪndən/, [ˈvɪn.dn̩], [ˈʋɪn-], [-dən]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɪndn̩
Verb
winden (class 3 strong, third-person singular present windet, past tense wand, past participle gewunden, past subjunctive wände, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to wind
- (transitive) to twist, twirl
- (reflexive) to squirm, writhe
- (reflexive, figurative) to squirm, hedge, to speak in an indirect or circumlocutory way (as of something emberrassing etc.)
Conjugation
Conjugation of winden (class 3 strong, auxiliary haben)
infinitive | winden | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | windend | ||||
past participle | gewunden | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich winde | wir winden | i | ich winde | wir winden |
du windest | ihr windet | du windest | ihr windet | ||
er windet | sie winden | er winde | sie winden | ||
preterite | ich wand | wir wanden | ii | ich wände1 | wir wänden1 |
du wandest du wandst |
ihr wandet | du wändest1 | ihr wändet1 | ||
er wand | sie wanden | er wände1 | sie wänden1 | ||
imperative | wind (du) winde (du) |
windet (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Composed forms of winden (class 3 strong, auxiliary haben)
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “winden” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “winden” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “winden” in Duden online
- “winden” in OpenThesaurus.de
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch *windan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną.
Verb
winden
Inflection
infinitive | base form | winden | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
genitive | windens | ||||||
dative | windene | ||||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||||
present | past | present | past | ||||
1st person singular | winde | want | winde | wonde | |||
2nd person singular | wints, windes | wonts, wondes | wints, windes | wondes | |||
3rd person singular | wint, windet | want | winde | wonde | |||
1st person plural | winden | wonden | winden | wonden | |||
2nd person plural | wint, windet | wont, wondet | wint, windet | wondet | |||
3rd person plural | winden | wonden | winden | wonden | |||
imperative | |||||||
singular | wint, winde | ||||||
plural | wint, windet | ||||||
present | past | ||||||
participle | windende | gewonden |
Descendants
- Dutch: winden
- Limburgish: winje
Further reading
- “winden”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “winden (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English
Etymology 1
Verb
winden
- alternative form of wynden (“to wind”)
Etymology 2
Verb
winden
- alternative form of wynden (“to wind”)