خدا

See also: جدا and حدا

Balti

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /χu.dɑː/, [χu.dɑː]

Noun

خُدَا (xudâ) (Tibetan script ཁུ༹་དཱ)

God

Baluchi

Noun

خدا • (xuda)

God, god

Khalaj

Noun

خُدا (Xudâ) (definite accusative خُداݧ)

Arabic spelling of Xudâ (“God”)

Declension

Declension of
	singular
nominative	خدا
genitive	خداݧ
dative	خداقا
definite accusative	خداݧ
locative	خداچا
ablative	خدادا
instrumental	خدالا
equative	خداوارا

Laki

Noun

خدا (xda)

God, god

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ء خ د
3 terms

Etymology

From Arabic أَخَذَ (ʔaḵaḏa). Compare Maltese ħa.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xda/

Verb

خدا • (ḵda) I (non-past ياخد (yāḵud))

alternative spelling of خدى (ḵdā)

Persian

Alternative forms

خدای (xudāy), خذا (xuḏā), خداه (xudāh), خذاه (xuḏāh) (archaic)

Etymology

From earlier (xudāy), from Middle Persian [script needed] (hwtʾy /⁠xwadāy⁠/, “lord”) (Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫑𐫇𐫅𐫀𐫏 (xwadāy)), with both religious and secular connotations. Rendered in Book Pahlavi as the ideogram [script needed] (MRA) (Aramaic 𐡌𐡍𐡀 (mnʾ /⁠mara⁠/), also meaning "lord"), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *hwatā́wā (“lord, god”).

Cognates with Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬜𐬀𐬙𐬀 (xᵛaδata, “self-determined”) (in the sense of "not dependent on anything/anyone"), Bactrian χοαδηο (khoadēo, “lord”), Northern Kurdish xwedê and Central Kurdish خوا (xwa), Sanskrit स्वधा (svadhā́). Also related to (xod, “self”), (xadiv, “lord, master”), (xâtun, “lady, noblewoman”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /xu.ˈdaː/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xʊ.d̪ɑː]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xʊ.d̪ɑː]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xu.d̪ɔː]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xo.d̪ɒː]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χu.d̪ɔ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	xudā
Dari reading^?	xudā
Iranian reading^?	xodâ
Tajik reading^?	xudo

Audio (Iran): (file)

Noun


Iranian Persian	خدا
Dari	خدا
Tajik	Худо, худо

خُدا • (xodâ) (plural خدایان (xodâyân))

God (the singular divinity of monotheism)
Synonyms: ایزد (izad), یزدان (yazdân), الله (allâh)
god, deity
Synonym: اله (elâh)
(obsolete except as the second element of a compound) lord, patron, master, owner

Usage notes

This is the normal word for "God" in Persian.

Inflection

Predicative forms of **خدا** (xodâ)
	singular	plural
1^st person (“I am, we are”)	خدایم، خدام^△ (xodâyam, xodâm^△)	خداییم (xodâyim)
2^nd person (“you are”)	خدایی (xodâyi)	خدایید، خدایین^△ (xodâyid, xodâyin^△)
3^rd person (“he/she/it is, they are”)	خداست، خداس، خدائه^△ (xodâst, xodâs, xodâe^△)	خدایند، خدان^△ (xodâyand, xodân^△)

^△ Colloquial.

Derived terms

خدابنده (xodâbande)
خداحافظ (xodâhâfez)
خداحافظی (xodâhafezi)
خداوند (xodâvand)
خدایی (xodâyi)
دهخدا (dehxodâ)
ناخدا (nâxodâ)
کدخدا (kadxodâ)

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: xuda
→ Balti: ཁུ༹་དཱ (xu dā)
→ Bashkir: хоҙай (xoźay)
→ Bengali: খোদা (khōda)
→ Chagatai: خدا
- Uyghur: خۇدا (xuda)
- Uzbek: xudo
⇒ Chinese:
→ Dungan: хўда (hwda), Хўда (Hwda)

→ Mandarin: 胡大 (Húdà), 胡達 / 胡达 (Húdá) (often Lanyin and Central Plains)
→ Crimean Tatar: quday
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: ख़ुदा (xudā)
- → Romani: xulay
Urdu: خدا (xudā)
→ Kamassian: кхудай (kʰudaj) (indirectly)
→ Karakalpak: quday
→ Kazakh: құдай (qūdai)
→ Khakas: худай (xuday)
→ Khalaj: Xudâ
→ Kyrgyz: кудай (kuday)
→ Kumyk: худай (xuday)
→ Ottoman Turkish: خدا
- Turkish: hüda
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਖੁਦਾ (khudā)

Shahmukhi script: خدا (xudā)
→ Southern Altai: кудай (kuday)
→ Shor: қудай
→ Tatar: ходай (xoday)
→ Turkmen: hudaý

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “xwadāy”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 95

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (xudā).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /xʊ.d̪ɑː/
Audio (Pakistan): (file)
Rhymes: -ɑː

Noun

خُدا • (xudā) m (Hindi spelling ख़ुदा)

God
مخلوق میں خالق کا نظر آیا جس کو اس دیکھنے والے نے خدا کو دیکھا۔
maxlūq mẽ xāliq kā nazar āyā jis ko us dekhne vāle ne xudā ko dekhā.
Who has seen the creator in the creation, that observer has seen God.
god
تمہارا یہ پتھر کا خدا کیا کر سکتا ہے؟
tumhārā ye paththar kā xudā kyā kar saktā hai?
What can this god of stone of yours do?
lord
master, owner
(figurative) husband

Synonyms

(God): اللہ (allā, allāh), الٰہ (ilāh)
ایشور (īśvar)

Derived terms

خدا حافظ (xudā hāfiz)

References

“خدا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
“خدا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “خدا”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.